温哥华英文教练,致力于地道英文表达
Bible:Bible就是《圣经》,这个词来自希腊语bibli,意思是权威性的书。跟这个词根相关的词还包括,bibliography(参考书目),bibliomania(藏书狂;嗜书狂)
Bull of Bashan 字面意思是“巴珊之牛“,意指“气壮如牛的人;大嗓门的人”。在《诗篇》二十二章中写到,Many bulls have surrounded Me; Strong bulls of Bashan have encircled Me.
Good Samaritan 这个表达来自《路加福音》第十章,讲述了一个Samaritan(撒玛利亚)人救一个路人的故事,后来这个词被用来形容“乐善好施的人”。
Handwriting on the wall 这个表达来自《但以理书》第五章,意思是“不祥之兆”。
Prodigal son 同样来自《路加福音》,第十五章中讲到,一个父亲有两个儿子,其中一个是个浪子,无恶不作,后来离家出走。多年以后,浪子回头,父亲依然接纳他、爱他。而另外一个儿子一直规规矩矩,见到浪荡弟弟回来之后依然得到父亲的包容和爱,有些意难平。父亲说“My son, ” the father said, “You are always with me, and everything I have is yours. But we had to celebrate and be glad, because this brother of yours was dead and is alive again; he was lost and is found.” 注意这段中的lost and found现在也用于“失物招领”。
Scapegoat 这个词来自于《利未记》十六章,讲述人用羊来献祭,请求上帝的原谅,这就是我们所说的“替罪羊”。耶稣基督也是我们的替罪羊,他替我们死、因我们的罪而死,是为了拯救我们。
Score: 这个词同样来自《利未记》,在其第十二章中写到“three scores and ten”。在那个时代,score是个计量单位,即20,也指“人的一生”。在《诗篇》第九十章中写道,The days of our years are threescore years and ten (三个二十加一十,就是七十); and if by reason of strength they be fourscore years, yet is their strength labor and sorrow; for it is soon cut off, and we fly away. 有趣的是,那时候西方人也认为人生就是七十年,跟中国人讲“人生七十古来稀”差不多。
Sodomy 中《创世纪》中提到的Sodom and Gomorrah(索多玛和蛾摩拉)是两个以淫乱、荒诞著称的国度,后来都被灭掉。Sodomy沿用下来,成了“鸡奸、兽奸”的代名词。
Talent 最早的含义是“一笔钱”。现在的意思是”才能“,看来,钱和才能在一定程度上关系和密切。在《马太福音》第二十五章讲到一个主人要出远门,分别给了三个仆人同样一笔钱让其保管。主人回来后,前两个仆人因为管才管得好,让本金都增殖了;唯有第三个仆人将本金埋在土里生怕丢失,结果被主人责备: ‘You wicked and slothful servant! You knew that I reap where I have not sown and gather where I scattered no seed?(我不播不撒,拿什么来收获?)Then you ought to have invested my money with the bankers, and at my coming I should have received what was my own with interest.(你拿着本金就应该去投资,这样才会有利息)So take the talent from him and give it to him who has the ten talents. For to everyone who has will more be given, and he will have an abundance. But from the one who has not, even what he has will be taken away.(这段话很重要:把给他的那份talent拿走,给其他人。“凡有的,还要加给他,叫他有余;没有的,连他所有的也要夺过来)宗教改革的时候,这段话常被引用来证明基督教并不排斥”钱生钱“,也不排斥商业活动,认为取得财富能更好地为上帝服务。这就极大地把众生从”忌于谈钱,羞于谈钱“的境遇中解放出来,从而推动了西方商业的发展---君不见,全球的地理大发现,哪一次不是探险家、军队、商人与传教士同行?
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