不同流感病毒间的T细胞交叉免疫反应一直是研究者们的关注热点,但缺乏针对不同禽流感病毒的交叉T细胞免疫比较性研究。近日,中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病所刘军研究员和中国医学科学院苏州系统医学研究所吴爱平研究员团队共同合作,通过细胞免疫学、生物信息学、晶体结构及动物实验等多种研究方法,揭示了人群针对不同禽流感病毒预存的交叉T细胞免疫特征及其分子机制,并评估了相应免疫保护作用。该项研究为流感病毒的防控以及广谱疫苗的研发提供了重要参考。相关研究成果以“HeterosubtypicProtections against Human-Infecting Avian Influenza Viruses Correlate to BiasedCross-T-Cell Responses”为题发表于美国微生物协会期刊《mBio》上(https://mbio.asm.org/content/9/4/e01408-18)
Fig .FIG 1 Humoral immune responses to pH1N1 and AIVs.
Against abackdrop of seasonal influenza virus epidemics, emerging avian influenza viruses (AIVs) occasionally jump from birds to humans, posing a public healthrisk, especially with the recent sharp increase in H7N9 infections. Evaluationsof cross-reactive T-cell immunity to seasonal influenza viruses andhuman-infecting AIVs have been reported previously. However, the roles ofinfluenza A virus-derived epitopes in the cross-reactive T-cell responses andheterosubtypic protections are not well understood; understanding those rolesis important for preventing and controlling new emerging AIVs. Here, among themembers of a healthy population presumed to have previously been infected bypandemic H1N1 (pH1N1), we found that pH1N1-specific T cells showed cross- butbiased reactivity to human-infecting AIVs, i.e., H5N1, H6N1, H7N9, and H9N2,which correlates with distinct protections. Through a T-cell epitope-basedphylogenetic analysis, the cellular immunogenic clustering expanded therelevant conclusions to a broader range of virus strains. We defined thepotential key conserved epitopes required for cross-protection and revealed themolecular basis for the immunogenic variations. Our study elucidated an overall profile of cross-reactivity to AIVs and provided useful recommendations forbroad-spectrum vaccine development.
【IMPORTANCE】
The revealed preexisting but biased T-cell reactivity of pH1N1 influenza virus to human-infecting AIVs, which provided distinct protections. The cross-reactive T-cell recognition had a regular pattern that depended on the T-cell epitope matrix revealed via bioinformatics analysis. Our study elucidated an overallprofile of cross-reactivity to AIVs and provided useful recommendations forbroad-spectrum vaccine development.
参考文献:
Zhao M, Liu K, Luo J, Tan S, Quan C, Zhang S, Chai Y, Qi J, Li Y, Bi Y, Xiao H, WongG, Zhou J, Jiang T, Liu W, Yu H, Yan J, Liu Y, Shu Y, Wu G, Wu A, Gao GF, LiuWJ. 2018. Heterosubtypic protections against human-infecting avian influenzaviruses correlate to biased cross-T-cell responses. mBio 9:e01408-18. https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01408-18.
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