孙像镍币，孙像镍币是法币的辅币，正面为孙中山先生侧面像和民国纪年，背面为布币图及面值,1936年开铸，至1943年停铸，于1949年退出流通.
Sun Xiang nickel, Sun Xiang nickel is a subsidiary coin of French currency. On the front is Mr. Sun Yat-sen's profile and the anniversary of the Republic of China. On the back is the layout and face value of the coin. It was minted in 1936, ceased to be minted in 1943, and withdrew from circulation in 1949
产生背景及铸币历程
自1935年11月4日实行法币起，孙像镍辅币伴随法币应运而生。1936年1月11日国民政府公布《辅币条例》：第—条规定了辅币之铸造专属于中央造币厂。第二条规定了镍辅币成色为纯镍,第八条规定了伪造辅币及妨害辅币信用者，依法惩治。
Background and Minting Course
Since the introduction of French currency on November 4, 1935, Sun Xiang's nickel coin came into being with French currency. On January 11, 1936, the National Government promulgated the Regulations on Auxiliary Coins: Article 1 stipulates that the coinage of Auxiliary Coins is exclusively owned by the Central Mint. Article 2 stipulates that nickel coins become pure nickel, and Article 8 stipulates that those who forge or impair the credit of nickel coins shall be punished according to law.
据《上海造币厂志》等资料记载，1935年12月21日上海中央造币厂开始生产伍分、拾分和廿分三种镍辅币，次年3月1日流通市场。当时镍原料国内无生产条件，因此镍片、坯饼及部分成品均向美国和奥地利厂商订购，部分镍饼向美国斯克威公司订购。铸币所用原模由意大利人L。乔奇雕刻，压印模具由美国费城造币厂制造。
According to the Records of the Shanghai Mint and other materials, on December 21, 1935, the Shanghai Central Mint began to produce three nickel coins, i.e. fraction, pick-up and twenty-cent coins, which circulated in the market on March 1, the following year. At that time, there was no domestic production conditions for nickel raw materials, so nickel sheets, biscuits and some finished products were ordered from American and Austrian manufacturers, and some nickel biscuits were ordered from American Skyway Company. The original model of the coin was made by the Italian L. Jorge's sculptures and impression moulds are made by the Philadelphia Mint.
1937年8月13日，日军侵占上海，中央造币厂停止生产。10月27日，中央造币厂厂区被日军侵占。之前，中央造币厂被迫内迁，在重庆设立办事处，相继在武昌、兰州、昆明、桂林、成都设立造币分厂，铸造辅币。
On August 13, 1937, the Japanese invaded Shanghai and the Central Mint stopped production. On October 27, the Central Mint was occupied by the Japanese army. Prior to that, the Central Mint was forced to move inland and set up offices in Chongqing. Mint branches were set up in Wuchang, Lanzhou, Kunming, Guilin and Chengdu to mint auxiliary coins.
武昌分厂
1937年8月14日，中央造币厂在上海古拔路(现富民路)设临时办事处，处理人员遣散，设备物料运往武昌事宜。1938年8月，奉命派员赴武昌，接收前武昌造币厂的厂房机器设备。9月1日，成立武昌分厂。12月，中央造币厂798名工人除派赴武昌分厂330人外，其余均遣散、1938年初铸造铜和镍辅币，3月21日停铸，同年10月汉口沦陷。
Wuchang branch
1937年8月14日，中央造币厂在上海古拔路(现富民路)设临时办事处，处理人员遣散，设备物料运往武昌事宜。1938年8月，奉命派员赴武昌，接收前武昌造币厂的厂房机器设备。9月1日，成立武昌分厂。12月，中央造币厂798名工人除派赴武昌分厂330人外，其余均遣散、1938年初铸造铜和镍辅币，3月21日停铸，同年10月汉口沦陷。
On August 14, 1937, the Central Mint set up a temporary office at Guba Road (now Fumin Road) in Shanghai to handle the demobilization of personnel and the transportation of equipment and materials to Wuchang. In August 1938, he was sent to Wuchang to receive the machinery and equipment of the former Wuchang Mint. On September 1, Wuchang Branch was established. In December, 798 workers from the Central Mint were demobilized, except 330 from the Wuchang Branch. Copper and nickel coins were minted at the beginning of 1938 and ceased to be minted on 21 March. Hankou fell in October of the same year.
兰州分厂
1938年4月，财政部在甘肃造币厂旧址筹设中央造币厂兰州分厂，派甘肃省财政厅长梁敬淳兼任分厂筹备主任。同年11月l日，兰州分厂正式成立，1939年11月奉财政部令停铸。
Lanzhou branch
In April 1938, the Ministry of Finance set up the Lanzhou Branch of the Central Mint at the old site of the Gansu Mint, and appointed Liang Jingchun, Director of the Finance Department of Gansu Province, as the preparatory Director of the Branch. On November 1 of the same year, Lanzhou Branch was formally established and stopped casting in November 1939 by order of the Ministry of Finance.
昆明分厂
1939年5月，财政部长孔祥熙指令中央造币厂将重庆办事处移设昆明，仍在渝市酌留少数负责人承办重要公务。11月10日，奉财政部令接收原云南铜币厂，改名昆明分厂后由于铸币成本高于面值，1942年停止铸造。
Kunming branch
In May 1939, Kong Xiangxi, Minister of Finance, directed the Central Mint to relocate its Chongqing office to Kunming, leaving a few responsible persons to undertake important official duties in Chongqing. On November 10, the original Yunnan Copper Coin Factory was accepted by order of the Ministry of Finance and renamed Kunming Branch. Since the cost of coinage was higher than par value, the foundry was stopped in 1942.
镍币的诞生生不逢时，由于战争时期物资严重缺乏，物价飞涨，法币贬值，镍辅币材质的成本已超过面值，以致流通在市面中的镍币逐渐被藏匿
The birth of nickel coins is untimely. Due to the serious shortage of materials during the war, soaring prices and devaluation of French currency, the cost of nickel coins has exceeded their face value. As a result, nickel coins circulating in the market are gradually concealed.
镍币风潮
随着法币大幅度贬值，镍币成为市场上计价买卖的一般金属商品。据《广西通志·金融志》载，在桂林中央银行尚未公布旧镍币可十足通用之前，就有少数人收购镍币。公布改革币制后，收购活动愈加活跃。1948年8月28日桂林中央银行公布收兑旧镍币后，仍有人继续收购。直至9月上旬，带着镍币到银行兑取金圆券的群众仍十分拥挤。
Nickel trend
With the devaluation of French currency, nickel has become a common metal commodity in the market. According to the Guangxi Tongzhi Financial Records, before the Central Bank of Guilin announced that old nickels could be fully used, a few people bought nickels. After the announcement of the reform of the currency system, the acquisition activities became more and more active. On August 28, 1948, after the Central Bank of Guilin announced the acceptance of old nickels, some people continued to buy them. Until early September, crowds carrying nickel coins to the bank for gold vouchers were still very crowded.
在民国1948年和1949年，成都也曾发生两次镍币风潮，起因都是改革币值宣布镍币增值而引起的。据《成都市志》(金融志)载，1948年8月23日，中央银行成都分行公告：“镍币不分年限和版次，一律准照面额作为金圆券辅币行使。”原属金属商品，时价每斤仅值法币10万元左右的镍币，一夜间身价百倍，存有者、消息灵通者和捷足抢购者大发横财，市面掀起以镍币抢购商品风潮。由于金圆券急剧贬值，此时，市面上逐渐形成以镍币充当银元之辅币行使的局面。
In the Republic of China in 1948 and 1949, there were two waves of nickel coins in Chengdu, which were caused by the announcement of the appreciation of nickel coins by the reform of the value of the currency. According to Chengdu City Chronicle (Financial Chronicle), on August 23, 1948, the Chengdu Branch of the Central Bank announced that "Nickel coins, regardless of years and editions, are allowed to be used as gold vouchers and supplementary coins." Originally a metal commodity, the current price is only about 100,000 French dollars per kilogram of nickel, which is 100 times the value overnight. The depositors, well-informed people and quick-footed buyers have made a fortune, and the market has set off a rush to buy goods with nickel. Due to the sharp devaluation of gold vouchers, at this time, the market gradually formed a situation of using nickel as a supplementary currency of silver.
此外，其他省市同样如此。据《武汉近代货币史料》(内部资料)载，1949年初，华中军政长官公署政务委员会汉口以“中央银行以镍币代替银元强制流通”为题发出公告：“壹元银元等于伍分镍币40枚、拾分20枚、廿分10枚。”1949年4月29日，汉口《大刚报》：“央行将发出库存镍币五六百箱，约值银元100万元。”
In addition, the same is true in other provinces and municipalities. According to the Wuhan Modern Monetary Historical Data (Internal Data), in early 1949, Hankou, the Administrative Committee of the Central Military and Political Officer's Office, issued a proclamation under the heading of "The Central Bank replaces silver dollar with nickel in compulsory circulation": "One yuan silver yuan equals 40 nickels, 20 nickels and 20 cents 10 nickels." On April 29, 1949, Dagang Bao of Hankou said, "The central bank will issue 5600 boxes of nickel in stock, which is worth about 1 million yuan of silver."
1949年7月25日，中央银行成都分行又奉命公告：“自公告起，原有各版镍币，准照面值流通行使，作为银元之辅币。”抢购风和抬价风又起，市面一片混乱。最终，成都央行又发公告“镍币奉令禁止使用”，镍币潮才逐渐平息。
由此可见镍币是历史的见证！
On July 25, 1949, the Chengdu Branch of the Central Bank was ordered to announce again: "Since the announcement, the original versions of nickel coins are allowed to circulate according to their face value and are used as auxiliary coins of silver dollar." The rush to buy and the price hike have risen again, and the market is in chaos. Eventually, the Chengdu Central Bank issued another announcement, "Nickel is banned by order", and the tide of nickel gradually subsided.
This shows that nickel is the witness of history!
孙小头镍币到1943年停铸，国内外众造币厂共铸造了21种版式用于流转行用。在抗战时期，国内众造币厂铸造镍币的"编年""币值"各有不同，加之镍辅币流转不畅，构成不同版式的镍币在国内各地流转散布极不均衡，堆积民间不同版式的镍币显现出地域性不同。
中华民国孙中山像钱币在民国时期其品种繁多，孙小头钱币都有着各自的神韵与前史价值，值得钱币爱好者细细神品。
Sun Xiaotou nickel ceased to be minted in 1943. Many mints at home and abroad have minted 21 formats for circulation. During the Anti-Japanese War, the "chronology" and "currency value" of nickel coins minted by various domestic mints were different, and the circulation of nickel coins was not smooth. The circulation and distribution of nickel coins in different formats were extremely uneven in various parts of the country, and the accumulation of nickel coins in different formats among the people showed regional differences.
Sun Yat-sen coin of the Republic of China has many kinds in the period of the Republic of China. Sun Xiaotou coin has its own charm and prehistoric value, which is worthy of careful consideration by coin enthusiasts.
重：2.9克 直径：2.1cm
藏品名称：孙中山头像十分镍币
类别：杂项
尺寸：重：2.9克 直径：2.1cm
钱面:中心铸有孙中山先生的面像，边缘内上镌中文书"中华民国二十九年"字样;钱背:铸有古布图，左右有币值"拾分"，直线边齿。
此枚中华民国二十九年拾分镍币为不可多得之收藏重品，极具收藏价值，如需竞标购买，请与工作人员联系。
Collection name: Sun Yat-sen's head is very nickel
Category: Miscellaneous
Size: Weight: 2.9g Diameter: 2.1cm
Qianmian: The center has the image of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, with the Chinese book "29 years of the Republic of China" inscribed on the edge; Qianbei: has the ancient layout, around the coin value "pick up points", straight edge teeth.
This 29-year pickup nickel of the Republic of China is a rare collection of heavy goods, with great collection value. If you need to bid for it, please contact the staff.
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