儒家思想，是先秦诸子百家学说之一。儒家思想也称为儒教或儒学，由孔子创立，最初指的是从事丧葬行业的司仪，后来以此为基础逐渐形成完整的儒家思想体系，成为中国传统文化的主流，影响深远。它是中国影响最大的流派，也是中国古代的主流意识。儒家学派对中国，东亚乃至全世界都产生过深远的影响。“儒学”、“儒家”、“儒教”这些概念要分清。儒学作为一种学说，儒家作为一个阶层，儒教作为一种信仰。


孔子Confucius

孟子Mencius

荀子Xunzi

儒家思想Confucianism

孝filial piety

忠loyalty

仁benevolence；义righteousness；礼propriety；智wisdom；信faithfulness

修身self-cultivation；齐家regulation of the family；治国governing of the country；平天下making the world peaceful

三纲五常Three Cardinal Guides and Five Constant Virtues

正统思想orthodox doctrines

复杂的思想系统comprehensive ideological system

性善论the Goodness of Human Nature

天人合一the Harmony Between Nature and Humanity

四书五经the four books and five classics：《大学》The Great Learning；《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean；《论语》The Analects of Confucius；《孟子》Mencius；《诗经》The Book of Songs；《书经》The Book of History；《礼记》The Book of Rites；《易经》The Book of Changes；《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals

中庸the Doctrine of the Mean

恢复周礼revive the norms of rites and music of Zhou Dynasty

社会政治哲学系统 a system of social and political philosophy

曲折的发展过程zigzagging development

镇压儒家思想repression of Confucianism

宗教色彩religious flavour

科举考试imperial competitive examination：状元the Number One Scholar；榜眼the Number Two Scholar；探花the Number Three Scholar

封建社会feudal society

确立了……的基础lay a foundation to

社会价值观的确立establishment of social values

政治制度political institutions

本质特征defining characters

礼崩乐坏the falling ceremony and propriety

批判性思考critical thinking

现代化进程modernization process

意识形态结构ideological structures/framework

道教Taoism

佛教Buddhism

儒家思想作为我国宝贵的精神财富，其精华无疑对中华儿女有着不可忽视的影响。相信在未来也会逐渐为全世界所了解、所学习，希望这些较为浅显的英文表达能作为我们继承并传扬中华思想的第一步！