GMAT干货：GMAT句子改错中分析句子结构有多重要？|163

在我们做SC句子改错的时候，分析整个句子的基本结构是整个做题过程中的第一步也是必不可少的一步，在做题目过程中，我们通过分析出句子主干，也就是主谓宾，就可以大致了解题目所要讲的逻辑语义，进一步发现考点，看是逻辑语义错误，还是缺失句子成分，或者是平行，比较之类的考点。今天广州雷哥GMAT Sofia老师就结合几道例题来跟大家讲解一下如何通过分析句子结构来做题目。

1. Television programs developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, which was once prohibited by federal regulations, are thriving in the free market conditions permitted by the current Federal Communications Commission.

A. Television programs developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, which was once prohibited by federal regulations, are

B. Television programs developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys, a practice that federal regulations once prohibited, is

C. Developing television programs in conjunction with the marketing of toys, as once prohibited by federal regulations, is

D. Federal regulations once prohibited developing television programs in conjunction with the marketing of toys, but they are

E. Federal regulations once prohibited developing television programs in conjunction with the marketing of toys, but such programs are

解析：原句句子主干：Television programs（主语） developed in conjunction with the marketing of toys（修饰部分—后置定语+介词短语）, which was once prohibited by federal regulations（修饰部分—非限定性定语从句）, are thriving （谓语部分）in the free market conditions permitted by the current Federal Communications Commission.

原句句子主干部分没有问题，修饰部分which按语法应就近指代toys,但是从语义上来看，which指代Television programs才是合理的，所以A选项错误。

B选项Television programs与is主谓不一致。

C选项 as表原因，语义逻辑有问题，不是说因为曾被禁止过，才在free market thriving的。

D选项 but they are...这里they按语法应指代主句主语Federal regulations，然而这样逻辑语义错误，是television programs are thriving，不是Federal regulations。

E选项正确。

句意：联邦法规曾经禁止开发与玩具营销相关的电视节目，但在当前联邦通信委员会允许的自由市场条件下，这类节目正在蓬勃发展。

2．The effect of the earthquake that caused most of Port Royal to sink into the Caribbean was like the eruption that buried ancient Pompeii: in each case a slice of civilization was instantly frozen in time.

A. The effect of the earthquake that caused most of Port Royal to sink into the Caribbean was

B. As the result of an earthquake, most of Port Royal sank into the Caribbean; the effect was

C. In its effects, the sinking of most of Port Royal into the Caribbean was the result of an earthquake

D. The earthquake that caused most of Port Royal to sink into the Caribbean was, in its effects,

E. Most of Port Royal sank into the Caribbean because of an earthquake, the effect of which was

解析：原句主干The effect （主语）of the earthquake that （修饰部分—定从）caused most of Port Royal to sink into the Caribbean was like （谓语） the eruption that （修饰部分—定从）buried ancient Pompeii: （解释说明）in each case a slice of civilization was instantly frozen in time.

原句主干语法上没有问题，但是逻辑语义不合理，the effect和the eruption不可比，实际应是the earthquake和the eruption的比较，这里属于“偷换主语”，所以A选项错误。

B选项中，分号连接两个完整的句子，the effect was like the eruption that...错误同A选项。

C选项中，In its effects，这里its指代不清，是指代sinking还是an earthquake，按语义应是an earthquake，但从语法结构看，应优先指代sinking。

D选项the effect of which was...结构中，effect是核心词，同A，the effect和the eruption不可比。

E选项，正确。

3. Much of the hope for continued improvement of the economy lies in the projection of increasing consumer spending this year.

A projection of increasing consumer spending

B projection of consumers increasing spending for

C projected consumer spending increase

D consumer spending that is projected to increase

E increase in consumer spending that is projected for

解析：分析原句主干，找 SVO，hope lies in __