2020年北京市适应性高考测试@完形填空解析|163

今天我们探讨下刚刚结束的3月4日的英语适应性测试！

回想下试卷的完形填空吧！

今天刘凯老师为大家剖析下

试卷完形填空：文章题材仍延续了往年的出题风格，文体为记叙文。讲述的是一个名叫 Afel 的小男孩生活在见不到真正的雪的地方，但却下决心要成为一名出色的滑雪运动员并希望通过自己的努力能获得奥运金牌的故事。题目考查数量为动词 12 题，名词5 题，形容词 1 题，副词 2 题，同学们在答题时，动词题需关注动作的先后顺序、上下文逻辑，以及与其他词性的搭配，名词题需重点关注复现及上下文对应，形容词题和副词题需要关注对应的感情色彩。

刘凯老师解析2020年北京市高考适应性测试@完形填空

仍然是我们常见的两大经典话题“真善美”和“励志类“话题”中的“励志类”话题。

本次完形主要讲述了一个孩子由于某次契机看到了滑雪这项运动，虽然自己国家并没有雪，自己也没有任何设备，但是却依然用自己的方法去尝试这项运动，并打算去参加2022年北京冬奥会的故事。

单看选项难度不大，基本上没有生词，这个故事也比较简单，阅读起来没有什么障碍。但是，有一两个选项会让我们却觉得很大难度，犹豫不决。大家再阅读时要注意，把握好文章感情主线，细细推敲，多注意文章的逻辑关系以及熟词生义。

Then, when Afel was twelve years old, the next thing happened. One day he was watching the TV at his uncle’s house. His uncle had a big new TV, with all the satellite channels. Afel was watching one of the satellite channels, and a programme came on, and the programme was full of snow. Lots and lots of it. And not only snow –there were people flying across the snow. They looked like strange animals, like fantastic birds. They had hats which covered all their heads and big goggles over their eyes. They wore brightly-coloured clothes. And on their feet, they had things that looked like strange shoes.“What are those?” he asked his uncle excitedly.

“Skis,” replied his uncle, “And those people are called skiers.” Afel was in love. Here was the snow, and here were people who were flying across the snow. It was just like one of his dreams. It was perfect. At that moment, he decided. He wanted to be a skier.He asked his uncle what the programme was.

“The Winter Olympics,” said his uncle. “It’s like the normal Olympics, but for sports where you need snow –skiing, ice skating, bobsleigh, those sorts of things. They have it every four years.”

Afel found out that the next Winter Olympics was in Vancouver in Canada, in 2010.“Perfect,” he thought. “Enough time for me to become a brilliant skier. Then I’ll go to the Winter Olympics, and win the gold medal for skiing.”

“But there’s no snow here!” people told him. “Where are you going to ski?”Afel didn’t care. He made himself a pair of skis from two pieces of wood. He tied them to his feet and practised skiing holding two sticks in his hands. At first he couldn’t move, but he practised and practised and practised until he could move quite quickly across the sand or the earth where he lived. He tried to fly down the hills like the people on TV, but he couldn’t. He could only move slowly.

“Never mind,” he thought. “It’s a start...”“How will you go to the Olympics?” people asked him. “Our country doesn’t even have a team that goes to the Winter Olympics. Why don’t you do up athletics instead? You don’t need lots of expensive equipment to practice. Our country is very good at athletics. We have lots of runners. And every time we win lots of medals at the Olympics. But no skiing, no.”

Afel didn’t care. He found that Jamaica had sent a bobsleigh team to the Olympics a few years ago.“If Jamaica have a bobsleigh team,” he thought, “then our country can have a skier.”

So every night, out in the middle of the desert, Afel now practises skiing down sand dunes. He dreams that the yellow sand and brown earth of the desert is the white white snow of the mountains he saw on the television. He dreams that the yellow sand and brown earth are as gold as the medal he will bring home with him, when he is the world champion.

THE END

This support pack contains the following materials:

a pre-reading activity

the story

a comprehension activity

a language activity about vocabulary from the story

Before you read

The following questions will help you understand the story.

Choose the correct answer for each question:

1. Which of these is best for skiing?

a. Snow

b. Rain

c. Ice

2. Which type of clothes are best for skiing?

a. Warm clothes

b. Brightly-coloured clothes

c. Heavy clothes

3. What are goggles?

a. More than one internet search engine

b. A very big number

c. Things similar to glasses to protect the eyes

4. The Winter Olympics happen …

a. every year

b. every four years

c. every five years

5. Which of these sports are NOT played at the Winter Olympics?

a. Skiing

b. Bobsleigh

c. Athletics

6. You win a gold medal when …

a. you come first

b. you come second

c. you come third

7. The word “Athletics” usually means …

a. running and jumping games

b. football and rugby

c. board games

True or false

Decide if each of the 9 statements about the text is true or false.

a. When Afel was a small boy he played in the snow.

b. Afel’s mother explained to him what snow is.

c. Afel understands what snow is.

d. Afel dreams of the desert.

e. Afel sees skiers on the television.

f. The skiers on the television are flying.

g. The skiers wear unusual shoes.

h. Afel wants to be a skier when he sees the programme.

i. Afel buys some skis.

j. Afel finds skiing quite difficult.

k. People encourage Afel.

l. Afel keeps his dreams.

Language Task – Vocabulary from the story

Fill in the gaps

Use the words in the box to complete the sentences below.

1. My uncle has a small farm with one big ______ where he keeps cows and where we played

when I was a small boy.

2. When water freezes it becomes ______ – nice to have in a cool drink!

3. Which ______ are you watching? Can you turn over? I don’t like this programme.

4. ______ are useful for swimming as well as skiing! I hate getting water in my eyes.

5. The first prize is a gold ______ with you name written on it.

6. When you walk up hills, a ______ can help!

7. You don’t need much ______ to play football – just a ball, really.

如下是本次考试的改编版

哈哈

Afel was only a very small boy when he first saw snow in a picture book. It had lots of pictures of children 11 in big white fields. He asked, “Mum, what are those white fields?” His mother laughed,“That’s snow, and they are making a snowman!” She tried to 12 what snow was. Afel didn’t really 13 because there was no real snow where he lived. But he showed great 14 .

One day when he was 12, Afel was watching a programme on TV at his uncle’s house. The programme was full of snow. And not only snow—there were people

15 across the snow. They looked like fantastic birds. They had hats covering all their heads and big goggles over their eyes. And on their feet, they had 16 shoes.

“What are those?” he asked his uncle 17 . “Skis,” replied his uncle. “And those people are called skiers.” At that moment, he 18 to be askier. He asked his uncle what the programme was. “The Winter Olympics,” said his uncle. “It’s like the normal Olympics, but for 19 where you need snow—ski jumping, bobsleigh ( 长橇 ), those sorts of things. They 20 it every four years.”

Afel found out that the next Winter Olympics would be in Beijing, in 2022. “Perfect,” he thought. “Enough 21 for me to become a brilliant skier.”

“But there’s no snow here!” people told him. “Where are you going to ski?” Afel

22 them. He made himself a pair of skis from two pieces of wood. He tied them to his feet and practised skiing 23 two sticks in his hands. He practised again and again until he could 24 quite quickly across the sand. He 25 to fly down the hills like the people on TV, but he couldn’t.

“Never mind,” he thought. “It’s a 26 …”

“How will you go to the Olympics?” people asked him. “Our country doesn’t

27 have a team that goes to the Winter Olympics. We have good runners and win lots of medals at the Olympics. But no skiing, no.”Afel didn’t 28 .

So every night, out in the middle of the desert, Afel now practises skiing down sand hills. He 29that the yellow sand and brown earth are as gold as the medal he will bring home with him, when he is the 30.

11．A．drawing B．playing

C．dancing D．hiking

【答案】 B；【刘凯老师解析】本题是动词题；根据后文中 “That’s snow, and they are making a snowman! ”，可知图片里的孩子们在雪地中玩耍（playing）。其余选项含义为：drawing（画画），dancing（跳舞），hiking（远足）。

12．A．announce B．stress

C．conclude D．explain

【答案】 D；【刘凯老师解析】本题是动词题；根据上一句“Mum, what are those white fields?”，可知 Afel是在问问题，而妈妈是在为他进行解释（explain）。其余选项含义为：announce（宣布），stress（强调），conclude（总结）；

13．A．mind B．respond

C．understand D．regret

【答案】 C；【刘凯老师解析】本题是动词题；根据本句“because there was no real snow where he lived”，可知 Afel 因为没有见过真正的雪，所以并不懂得 (understand) 妈妈的解释。其余选项含义为：mind（介意、照料），respond（回应），regret（后悔）；

14．A．interest B．concern

C．patience D．confidence

【答案】 A；【刘凯老师解析】本题是名词题；根据前文 Afel 在不断地问妈妈关于雪的问题，可知他对雪产生了极大的兴趣 (interest) 。其余选项含义为：concern（关心），patience（耐心），confidence（自信）；

15．A．walking B．riding

C．running D．flying

【答案】 D；【刘凯老师解析】本题是动词题；根据后一句“They looked like fantastic birds”，可知人们在雪上飞奔（flying），同时，依据后文“He ______ (25) to fly down the hills like the people on TV, but he couldn’t.”这句话中出现了 fly，原词复现。其余选项含义为：walking（走路），riding（骑行），running（跑步）

16．A．strong B．strange

C．fashionable D．comfortable

【答案】 B；【刘凯老师解析】本题是形容词题；根据上文，Afel 从未见过雪，可知当他看到人们在雪地中穿的鞋子时会觉得奇怪和陌生（strange）。其余选项含义为：strong（强壮的/结实的），fashionable（时髦的）comfortable（舒适的）

17．A．politely B．hopefully

C．excitedly D．nervously

【答案】 C;【刘凯老师解析】本题是副词题；根据全文，Afel 从未见过雪以及与雪相关的运动，并且产生了极大的兴趣也把成为滑雪运动员当成梦想，可知他在问叔叔时心情很激动（excitedly）。其余选项含义为：politely（礼貌地）hopefully（充满希望地），nervously（紧张地）；

18．A．promised B．claimed

C．agreed D．decided

【答案】 D;【刘凯老师解析】本题是动词题；根据下文 Afel 想成为一个杰出的滑雪运动员，可知在这一刻他决定 (decide)将来成为一名滑雪运动员。其余选项含义为：promised（承诺），claimed（声称），agreed（同意）

19．A．projects B．fields

C．sports D．courses

【答案】 C;【刘凯老师解析】本题是名词题；根据前句中出现的“The Winter Olympics”，可知此处应为与雪有关的运动 (sport)。其余选项含义为projects（项目），fields（领域），courses（课程）；

20．A．gain B．have

C．accept D．mark

【答案】 B;【刘凯老师解析】本题是动词题；根据常识可知冬季奥林匹克运动会每四年举办(have)一次。其余选项含义为：gain（获得），accept（接受），mark（作标记）

21．A．time B．energy

C．experience D．determination

【答案】 A;【刘凯老师解析】本题是名词题；根据上文“every four years”得知冬奥会每四年举办一次，下一届冬奥会是 2022 年，所以 Afel 有足够的时间（time）来成为一名杰出的滑雪者。其余选项含义为：energy（能量），experience（经历，经验），determination（决心）；

22．A．avoided B．ignored

C．corrected D．criticized

【答案】 B;【刘凯老师解析】本题是动词题；根据前文“But there’s no snow here!”…Where are you going to ski? ”以及后文“He made himself a pair of skis from two pieces of wood.”可以得知，人们问他去哪儿滑雪，他并未回答，只是自己做了一对滑雪板。说明 Afel 并未理睬人们说的话，即忽略（ignored）了他们。其余选项含义为：avoided（避免），corrected（纠正），criticized（批评）；

23．A．pushing B．pulling

C．holding D．waving

【答案】 C;【刘凯老师解析】本题是动词题；根据空格后的动词的先后顺序以及动宾搭配关系，前文是脚系滑雪板，后文是应该是手持（holding）滑雪杖。其余选项含义为：pushing（推），pulling（拉），waving（挥手）；

24．A．roll B．march

C．jump D．move

【答案】 D;【刘凯老师解析】本题是动词题；根据本句“He practised again and again until he could______ quite quickly across the sand.”可知，他一遍又一遍地练习直到他能够快速移动（move）穿过沙地。此处为滑雪的动作，应该是快速移动。其余选项含义为：roll（打滚），march（行军），jump（跳）

25．A．needed B．prepared

C．pretended D．attempted

【答案】 D;【刘凯老师解析】本题是动词题；根据本句“He ______ to fly down the hills like the people on TV, but he couldn’t.”可知他试图（attempted）像电视上的人一样飞下山去，但是他不能。其余选项含义为：needed（需要），prepared（准备），pretended（假装）；

26．A．start B．chance

C．solution D．strategy

【答案】 A;【刘凯老师解析】本题是名词题；根据前文“He attempted to fly down the hills like the people on TV, but he couldn’t.”可知他无法像电视上的人一样飞下山去，但是他告诉自己没关系，不要紧。这只是开始（start），此处考查名词的对应关系。从最后一段“So every night…Afel now practises skiing down sand hills.”可知这只是开始（start）。其余选项含义为：chance（机会），solution（解决办法），strategy（策略）；

27．A．even B．often

C．shortly D．finally

【答案】 A;【刘凯老师解析】本题是副词题；根据上一句“How will you go to the Olympics?”以及本句“Our country doesn’t ______ have a team that goes to the Winter Olympics.”可知“我们的国家甚至（even）都没有一个可以去冬奥会的队伍。”此处用“even”来突出人们认为 Afel 的想法无法实现。其余选项含义为：often（经常），shortly（简短地），finally（最终）；

28．A．refuse B．inquire

C．care D．complain

【答案】 C;【刘凯老师解析】本题是动词题；根据前文“Our country doesn’t ______ have a team that goes to the Winter Olympics…But no skiing, no. ” 以及最后一段“ So every night…Afel now practises skiing down sand hills.”可知 Afel 并没有在意人们的看法，坚持练习，故他并不在乎（care）。其余选项含义为：refuse（拒绝），inquire（询问），complain（抱怨）

29．A．dreams B．predicts

C．assumes D．realizes

【答案】 A;【刘凯老师解析】本题是动词题；根据前文提到的“Afel now practises skiing down sand hills.”说明他现在还在练习，所以获奖应该是梦想（dreams）中的事情，指的是他在想象着获奖的事情。即，他梦想（dreams）着，等他成了冠军，那眼前这黄沙褐土和带回来的奖牌一样金光闪闪。其余选项含义为：predicts（预测），assumes（假定），realizes（意识到）；

30．A．authority B．champion

C．genius D．celebrity

【答案】 B;【刘凯老师解析】本题是名词题；根据前文“He dreams that the yellow sand and brown earth are as gold as the medal he will bring home with him,”可知，他梦想（ dreams）着，等他成了冠军，那眼前这黄沙褐土和带回来的奖牌一样金光闪闪。意思是只有他成为冠军（ champion）的时候才能获得奖牌。其余选项含义为： authority（权威），genius（天才），celebrity（名人）；

刘凯老师独家解析：

原文节选：

Afel was only a very small boy when he first saw snow. But it wasn’t real snow that he saw. No, there was no real snow where he lived. He saw the snow in a picture book. The book had lots of pictures of children playing in big white fields. He asked his mother, ‘What are those white fields?’, and his mother laughed and said, ‘That’s snow!’ She tried to explain to him what snow was, but Afel didn’t really understand. Sometimes there was rain where he lived, but not very much, so it was very difficult for him to understand what this cold, ice rain that his mother described was. It didn’t matter. Even when he was only a very small boy, Afel was already in love with snow.当阿费尔第一次看到雪的时候，他还是一个非常小的男孩。但他看到的不是真正的雪。不，他住的地方没有真正的雪。他在一本图画书里看到了雪。这本书里有许多孩子们在白色的大田野里玩耍的照片。他问他的妈妈，那些白色的田野是什么?他的妈妈笑着说:“那是雪!”她试图向他解释雪是什么，但阿费尔并不真正理解。有时他住的地方会下雨，但不是很多，所以他很难理解他母亲所说的这种冰冷的冰雨是什么。这无关紧要。当阿费尔还是个小男孩的时候，他就已经爱上了雪。

He dreamed about snow all the time, trying to imagine how it really was. He thought of big white fields. He thought of the big, heavy clothes the children playing in the snow wore. He thought about feeling cold. He dreamed of being able to fly across the white fields of snow.他总是梦见雪，努力想象它到底是什么样子。他想到了大片的白色田野。他想起了孩子们在雪地里玩时穿的又大又重的衣服。他想到了感到寒冷。他梦想着能够飞过白雪皑皑的田野。

Then, when Afel was twelve years old, the next thing happened. One day he was watching the TV at his uncle’s house. His uncle had a big, new TV, with all the satellite channels. Afel was watching one of the satellite channels and a programme came on, and the programme was full of snow. Lots and lots of it. And not only snow – there were people flying across the snow. They looked like strange animals, like fantastic birds. They had hats which covered all their heads and big goggles over their eyes. They wore brightly coloured clothes. And on their feet, they had things that looked like strange shoes.然后，当阿费尔12岁时，发生了第二件事。一天，他正在叔叔家看电视。他叔叔有一台新的大电视，里面有所有的卫星频道。阿费尔正在看一个卫星频道，一个节目开始了，节目里全是雪。很多很多。不仅是雪，还有人在雪中飞来飞去。他们看起来像奇怪的动物，像奇异的鸟。他们头上戴着帽子，眼睛上戴着护目镜。他们穿着色彩鲜艳的衣服。在他们的脚上，有一些东西看起来像奇怪的鞋子。

‘What are those?’ he asked his uncle excitedly.“那些是什么?他兴奋地问他叔叔。

‘Skis,’ replied his uncle. ‘And those people are called skiers.’ Afel was in love. Here was the snow, and here were people who were flying across the snow. It was just like one of his dreams. It was perfect. At that moment, he decided. He wanted to be a skier.“滑雪板，”他的叔叔回答。这些人被称为滑雪者。阿费尔恋爱了。这里是雪，这里是飞过雪的人。这就像他的一个梦想。这是完美的。在那一刻，他下定了决心。他想成为一名滑雪者。

He asked his uncle what the programme was.他问他的叔叔这个节目是什么。

‘The Winter Olympics,’ said his uncle. ‘It’s like the normal Olympics, but for sports where you need snow – skiing, ice skating, bobsleigh, those sorts of things. They have it every four years.’“冬奥会，”他的叔叔说。他说，这就像普通的奥运会，但在需要滑雪、滑冰、雪橇等运动的场合。他们每四年举办一次。”

Afel found out that the next Winter Olympics was in Vancouver in Canada, in 2010.阿费尔发现，下一届冬奥会将于2010年在加拿大温哥华举行。

‘Perfect,’ he thought. ‘Enough time for me to become a brilliant skier. Then I’ll go to the Winter Olympics, and win the gold medal for skiing.’“完美的”,他想。“我有足够的时间成为一名出色的滑雪者。然后我将参加冬奥会，赢得滑雪金牌。”

‘But there’s no snow here!’ people told him. ‘Where are you going to ski?’可是这儿没有雪呀!”人们告诉他。“你要去哪里滑雪?

Afel didn’t care. He made himself a pair of skis from two pieces of wood. He tied them to his feet and practised skiing holding two sticks in his hands. At first he couldn’t move, but he practised and practised and practised until he could move quite quickly across the sand or the earth where he lived. He tried to fly down the hills like the people on TV, but he couldn’t. He could only move slowly.阿费尔并不在乎。他用两块木头为自己做了一副滑雪板。他把它们绑在脚上，手里拿着两根棍子练习滑雪。起初，他不能移动，但他练习，练习，再练习，直到他能在他居住的沙漠或土地上移动得相当快。他试图像电视上的人一样飞下山，但他做不到。他只能慢慢地移动。

‘Never mind,’ he thought. ‘It’s a start ...’没关系，”他想。“这是个开始……”

‘How will you go to the Olympics?’ people asked him. ‘Our country doesn’t even have a team that goes to the Winter Olympics. Why don’t you take up athletics instead? You don’t need lots of expensive equipment to practise. Our country is very good at athletics. We have lots of runners. And every time we win lots of medals at the Olympics. But no skiing, no.’你怎么去看奥运会?人问他。我们国家甚至没有参加冬奥会的队伍。你为什么不参加体育运动呢?你不需要很多昂贵的设备来练习。我们国家非常擅长体育运动。我们有很多跑步者。每次我们在奥运会上赢得很多奖牌。但是不能滑雪。

Afel didn’t care. He found that Jamaica had sent a bobsleigh team to the Olympics a few years ago.阿费尔并不在乎。他发现几年前牙买加曾派出一支雪橇队参加奥运会。

‘If Jamaica has a bobsleigh team,’ he thought, ‘then our country can have a skier.’他想，如果牙买加有一个雪橇队，那么我们国家就可以有一个滑雪者。

So every night, out in the middle of the desert, Afel now practises skiing down sand dunes. He dreams that the yellow sand and brown earth of the desert is the white, white snow of the mountains he saw on the television. He dreams that the yellow sand and brown earth are as gold as the medal he will bring home with him, when he is the world champion.所以每天晚上，在沙漠中央，Afel现在练习从沙丘上滑雪。他梦见沙漠里黄色的沙子和棕色的土地是他在电视上看到的白色的雪山。他梦想着当他成为世界冠军时，黄色的沙子和棕色的土地就像他带回家的奖牌一样是金子。

刘凯老师介绍：

刘凯，男，蒙古族，黑龙江省齐齐哈尔人。本科为哈尔滨师范大学英语系，硕士为北京理工大学。美国亚利桑那大学访问学者，澳大利亚新兰威尔士大学ESL研修。2018年加州理工学院语言学双学位获得者。

北京市优秀青年教师，北京市级重点高中示范校骨干教师，多年高中一线执教经验，高三年级把关教师，多次参与东城区模拟试题命题工作，教学理念先进，教学成果突出，多篇教学论文获市区级奖项。

教育部课题研究员，参与国家十二五课题计划，并作出突出贡献，参与初中、高中各年级区级试题的命制，多次承担区级和市级研究课任务。

北京市科技英语优秀指导教师，所带学生在各级英语口语、作文竞赛中多次获奖；刘凯老师将扎实的英语基本功和严谨的学术思想作为教学的基础，课堂上善于寓教于乐，信息量大，内容丰富，使学生在和谐的课堂气氛下欣赏英语、享受英语、掌握英语、运用英语。

曾多次参加高考阅卷工作，参与人民教育出版社、北京教育出版社、外研社等各类高考教学用书的编写工作，有丰富的备考经验，国际核心期刊发表多篇论文。

2009-2012年期间，多次受邀在北京广播电台主持英语高考大纲解析及英语新课程改革节目，学术功底深厚，兼具偶像派与实力派特点，教风亲切洒脱，诙谐幽默，思维开阔，屡有奇思妙想，善于引导学生学以致用，对高考动向把握极其准确，深受学生和家长欢迎。尤其擅长英语语法和单词记忆法。

海外生活学习十年，社科人文类学科偏爱者；10年雅思教龄，多家知名机构教师培训师；

指导上万考生快速冲刺雅思写作、阅读，平均分数7.5分；独创“段落清空”、极简化“针对检索式”阅读法等众多高效技法；

每年雅思考试均在10次以上；均分8+；真题回忆准确度97%以上；贴近西式思路和语言指导学生写作；善于帮助学生突破学术写作思维瓶颈。

讲授科目有长难句、翻译、四六级考试、阅读和写作；在2014、2015、2016、2017四年考研中，接受其培训的所有考生中有近万名考生取得高分。

资深考研培训讲师；