专题指导

递进关系主要指英语行文中，后一句以前一句为基点，并在程度和范围上比前一句有更进一层的语义关系。表示递进关系的词有：even, too, also, besides, further, furthermore, what’s more, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not …but …, not only … but also …等。

准排误：

错误选项常具有如下特点：

1. 注释性句子与上下文意义不衔接；

2. 过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构；

3. 主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题；

4. 用了与正确选项相似的句型结构，但与上下文意义不符。

精练必刷题

（一）

Why Do We Get Angry?

Anger seems simple when we are feeling it，but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior，and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering (触发)events，personality traits(特征)，and our assessment of situations. 1．_______

Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However，here are some examples：being cut off in traffic，a deadline approaching，experiencing physical pain，and much more. 2．_______ The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits.

Each person，no matter who they are，has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 3．_______ Also，sometimes preanger does not have to do with a lasting condition，but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.

4．_______ Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of preanger，or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.

5．_______ However，anger can easily turn violent，and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind，we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.

A．Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.

B．But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.

C．Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait，and is usually advised to reduce it.

D．Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.

E. Having these personality traits implies the preanger state，where anger is in the background of your mind.

F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.

G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events，and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.

（二）

Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups，they make very different music. 1．_______At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool.

After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC，the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid1963，the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. 2．_______They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends (传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year.

3．_______They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7,1964．Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. 4．_______The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入侵)by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles，a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. 5．_______

A．They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964．

B．Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.

C．Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.

D．However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.

E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.

F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day’s Night (1964) and Help! (1965).

G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television’s 53rd street studio.

（三）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Therapeutic (治疗性的) writing involves participating in writing activities to deal with emotional issues. People work under the direction of a therapist (治疗学家) for most of the time. ____1____ In both cases, participants adopt expressive writing to put down thoughts, emotions, and other experiences.

Therapeutic writing can be useful in cases where people have difficulty communicating by other means. A client who is having trouble with a situation, for example, might write a letter to the people involved as part of therapy. ___2___ Besides, it works on how to approach the people in real life to settle the issue.

Exercises in therapeutic writing typically encourage people to write for a block of time, such as 15 minutes. They may be asked to write about their days or issues coming up in their lives. In guided therapy, the therapist may review the writing and discuss it with the patient. ___3___

Some people keep writing regular journals to share with their therapists and others. ___4___ Therapists can also use electronic journals to help patients between sessions, looking at what they’re writing about and identifying specific issues to discuss in therapy.

___5___ People may keep personal journals or diaries intended for their private use, where they can describe events and explore emotions. Some add a self-directed group therapy aspect as well by sharing their writing with friends who can provide advice.

A. Some of us think that writing is only for writers.

B. There are informal approaches to writing as therapy.

C. Participants can benefit from therapeutic writing exercises.

D. Sometimes they can start a writing program independently.

E. Of course, patients can talk about the emotions that come up while writing.

F. This writing can help him or her express goals and a desired result clearly.

G. Others may keep an online writing journal and only allow his or her therapist to read.

答案解析：

一、

[分析]　这是一篇说明文。文章分析了导致人们生气的三个原因并指出如何防止愤怒爆发。

1．F[段末题。上一句提到导致人们生气的三个主要原因：triggering(触发)events，personality traits(特征)，our assessment of situations，下面的几段具体分析了这三个原因与生气的关系。故该句应该起承上启下的作用，因此F选项(如果我们愿意用批判性的目光来评估自己的话，那么了解这些原因将会控制我们的愤怒。)中关键信息understanding these reasons承上启下。]

[错项分析]　易错选D项。本题从篇章结构角度分析，弄清楚段落之间的关系，就比较容易推测挖空处的作用和内容，其他选项都无法照应前面说的三个原因。D项maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry. (人们或许觉得有理由发怒)和上文已经点明的三个发怒原因在语义上不一致。

2．G[段中题。本段主题是关于triggering events for anger，挖空处的句子应该是和这个主题(events, anger)相关。该空承上启下，应当提到某件事会使某些人生气，但不会使别人生气这个现象，G选项(人们对这些事情的反应不一样，这就导致使一个人生气的事情可能会让另一个人生气，也可能不会让另一个人生气。)符合文章上下文语意。]

[错项分析]A、B和第三个原因situations相关；C、E和第二个原因personal traits相关；只有G项明显和第一个原因events相关。

3．E[段中题。本段主题是关于personal traits，所以挖空处在语意上要和这个主题相关。范围缩小至C和E。上一句提到：每个人都有自己的心里不平衡的地方。那些比较好强，气量比较小的人更容易生气。下一句提到：而且，有时候，pre-anger并不一定是一种持久的状态，而是一种触发事件发生前的暂时状态。该空承上启下，既要提到上一句中的那些性格特征，又要提到下一句中的pre-anger，很明显Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind. (拥有这些个性特征意味着愤怒之前的状态，愤怒就在你的大脑背景中。)承上启下。]

[错项分析]　本题的处理技巧有两步，首先确定段落主题缩小选择范围，然后观察前后句寻找关键词汇，很显然本题E项中的personal traits 和the pre-anger state照应上下句，是做对题的关键。

4．A[段首题。根据段落篇章结构，本句应该是对第三个原因situations的解释描述。关于此内容的选项有A、B。挖空的下一句提到：有时候，甚至常规性的事件也会变成pre-anger或恼怒的来源。有时候对这些情况的无知和负面观点会产生愤怒。该空位于段首，引出下文，A选项(我们的对情况的态度和看法也会在我们内心产生愤怒。)能概括全段内容，故选A。]

[错项分析] B项 But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger. (有些情形可以帮助我们摆脱生气的情况)和该段主要描述“环境情形导致生气”不符。

5．D[段首题。本段是末段，对全文总结，挖空处恰是段首句，需要统领全段。下一句提到：但是生气很容易转变为暴力，所以最好了解一下愤怒的原因来阻止它的存在。该句和上一句之间是转折关系，结合剩余选项可知，D选项(愤怒是一种特别强烈的感情，或许人们认为他们有理由生气。)和下文构成转折关系。]

[错项分析]　最后题目一般较为容易处理，选择范围很小，文章内容也了然于胸，这是利用出现的reasons以及挖空所处的位置，结合篇章结构，很容易确定本题答案。

二、

[分析]　本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了披头士的发展和影响，引领了一种潮流趋势。

1．C[段中题。第一段讲述摇滚音乐，根据空后的at that time可知前句提到了时间，而且与rock music有关，选项中只有C 项讲的是摇滚音乐，并且讲述了其发展的时间。]

[错项分析]　本题易受到上句They的影响而错选A、F或G项，这些项中的they都是指具体乐队的成员，本段前文没有提到具体乐队，所以不合适。

2．B[段中题。本段主题是描述Beatles在英国的成名情况，挖空前extremely popular in England, 挖空后held large concerts都是讲述披头士在英国的出名程度，选项B．Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time. (甚至他们的发型在那时也成为了一种潮流)符合文意，且关键词even是一个提示。]

[错项分析]A、G两项是在美国成名情况，故排除。D项中的however跟前后句语意不搭配。F项是他们成名后拍摄电影的情况，而本段是描写一开始作为乐队成名的情况。

3．A[段首题。根据空后They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. (他们不确定美国人怎样反应)，可知他们首次来美国演出，所以A项(决定首次到美国开巡回演出)符合文意，故选A。]

[错项分析]　本题根据后面的The America可以把范围限制在A和G。但是G项是关于“举行了美国的第一次音乐会”，跟下句they were not sure how the Americans would react ...语意不搭配。

4．G[段中题。根据空后The concert was broadcast live...可知前句中应该出现concert，选项G中的关键词their first concert 与前后句呼应。]

[错项分析]　本题和16题容易连续出错。所以分析好16题挖空处和后句之间的语意衔接非常重要。

5．E[段末题。根据空前(由于披头士，市场上出现了很多机会)，E项很多新乐队(新面孔)都是模仿披头士，符合逻辑。]

[错项分析]　剩余的选项都跟上句提到的“新面孔”没有关联。

三、

【答案】1. D 2. F 3. E 4. G 5. B

【解析】

这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了一种处理情绪的办法—治愈写作法。

【1题详解】

根据上文 People work under the direction of a therapist (治疗学家) for most of the time.可知，大多数情况下他们在治疗学家的指导下工作，根据逻辑推理可知，剩下的时间可能不需要指导。D. Sometimes they can start a writing program independently.有时他们可以独立开始写作，承接上文，故选D。

【2 题详解】

根据上文A client who is having trouble with a situation, for example, might write a letter to the people involved as part of therapy可知，例如，一个有问题的客户，可以写一封信给当事人，作为治疗的一部分；再根据下文Besides, it works on how to approach the people in real life to settle the issue.可知，此外，它致力于如何接近现实中的人们来解决问题。由此可知，上句应该是客户写信的作用。F. This writing can help him or her express goals and a desired result clearly. 这种写作可以帮助他或她清楚地表达目标和期望的结果。承上启下，故选F。

【3 题详解】

根据上文In guided therapy, the therapist may review the writing and discuss it with the patient.可知，在指导治疗中，治疗师可能会回顾文章，并与患者讨论。由此推断下文应该是治疗师和患者之间的互动。E. Of course, patients can talk about the emotions that come up while writing. 当然，病人可以谈论在写作时出现的情绪。承接上文，故选E。

【4 题详解】

上文Some people keep writing regular journals to share with their therapists and others. 可知，有些人坚持定期写日志，与他们的治疗师和其他人分享。G. Others may keep an online writing journal and only allow his or her therapist to read. 还有一些人可能在网上写日记，但只允许他或她的治疗师阅读。根据这两句Some people和Others的线索，选项G引起下文，故选G。

【5 题详解】

根据最后一段中People may keep personal journals or diaries intended for their private use可知，人们可能会保留个人日志或为私人使用的日记；再根据Some add a self-directed group therapy aspect as well by sharing their writing with friends who can provide advice. 有些人加入了团体治疗，并与朋友分享作品，朋友们可以提供建议。由此可知文章最后一段讲的是人们写作的方法，B. There are informal approaches to writing as therapy. 有一些非正式的写作方法可以作为治疗，总结全段，故选B。