1

新冠肺炎全球大流行

COVID-19 Pandemic

截至12月31日，全球新冠肺炎确诊病例超过8296万例，死亡人数累计超过180万。各国为防治病毒共同努力，并开展了国际合作。联合国及其他国际和地区组织发挥了积极作用。

Global novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases surpassed 82.96 million on December 31, with more than 1.8 million fatalities. International cooperation supports national efforts to combat the virus. The UN and other international and regional organizations have risen to the occasion to play their part.

中国已向150多个国家和9个国际组织提供援助，并向34个国家派出了36个医疗队。

China has provided assistance to over 150 countries and nine international organizations and sent 36 medical teams to 34 countries.

疫苗科研快速发展。12月中旬前后，俄罗斯和英国等几个国家启动了大规模疫苗接种计划。

With rapid progress in the quest for a vaccine, several countries, including Russia and the United Kingdom, launched mass vaccination programs around mid-December.

受疫情影响，全球经济严重受挫。据国际货币基金组织预测，2020年全球经济将萎缩4.4％。

The global economy has been seriously affected and will shrink by 4.4 percent for 2020, the International Monetary Fund said.

2

重大中外贸易协定硕果累累

Unprecedented trade deals

2020年，区域全面经济伙伴关系协定签署，中欧投资协定谈判完成，为受新冠疫情影响而持续低迷的世界经济注入了信心。

In 2020, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement was signed, and negotiations were completed for an investment agreement between China and the EU, injecting vitality into a world economy that has become sluggish due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

12月30日，中欧领导人共同宣布如期完成中欧投资协定谈判。这将有力拉动后疫情时期世界经济复苏，增强国际社会对经济全球化和自由贸易的信心，为构建开放型世界经济作出重要贡献。

On December 30, Chinese and European leaders announced that China and the EU have completed negotiations for the investment agreement between the two sides as scheduled. The agreement is expected to greatly boost world economic recovery in the post-pandemic era, enhance the international community's confidence in economic globalization and free trade, and make significant contributions to the building of an open world economy.

11月15日，历经八年谈判，区域全面经济伙伴关系协议签署。该协议的签署标志着世界上最大的自贸区自此成立。15个成员国分别为东南亚国家联盟的10个成员国、中国、日本、韩国、澳大利亚和新西兰，约覆盖全球人口的三分之一，成员国国内生产总值和贸易额也占全球总量的三分之一。区域全面经济伙伴关系协议的缔结是促进自由贸易的重要之举，将有利于进一步推动经济全球化和区域经济一体化。

On November 15, RCEP agreement was signed after eight years of negotiations, creating the largest trading bloc in the world. The 15 participating countries, including 10 member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations plus China, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Australia and New Zealand, account for some 30 percent of the global population, global gross domestic product, as well as global trade. The conclusion of the pact is an important move to facilitate free trade. It also assures further improvement in economic globalization and regional economic integration.

3

拜登当选美国总统

Biden Elected as U.S. President

12月14日，美国举行选举人团投票，拜登获得绝大多数选票。这意味着，拜登在11月美国总统大选中获胜的结果得到了确认。2021年1月20日，拜登将宣誓就职。然而，特朗普也成为了美国历史上获得选民票数第二高的总统候选人。这表明美国内部的分歧正在加剧。

On December 14, the U.S. Electoral College voted to cement Joe Biden's victory over Donald Trump in the U.S. presidential election in November. Biden will be sworn into office on January 20, 2021. However, Trump received the second-most votes of any presidential candidate in history, signifying the ever-mounting divide within the U.S.

据报道，作为老民主党人，拜登计划修正特朗普的对华政策及在移民和气候等问题上的立场。然而，考虑到共和党有望把持参议院控制权，拜登要想改变这些政策将举步维艰。

Although Biden, a seasoned Democrat, reportedly has plans to reverse Trump's policies on China as well as on issues including migration and climate, it will be a tough process considering the possibility of Republicans retaining control of the Senate.

4

欧盟达成“复苏基金”协议

Pursuit of EU Autonomy

7月21日，欧盟27个成员国的领导人达成了一项史无前例的复苏协议，推出超过1万亿欧元的长期预算和总额达7500亿欧元的基金，以助欧洲从新冠危机中复苏。

On July 21, leaders of the 27 EU member states agreed on an unprecedented recovery deal, including a coronavirus crisis recovery fund of a total of 750 billion euros ($912 billion) and the bloc's long-term budget worth over 1 trillion euros ($1.21 trillion).

该协议是实现欧洲战略自主权的重要一步。由于特朗普治下的盟友美国追求“美国优先”，实现战略自主成为欧盟政策的重中之重。这对欧盟作为世界“一极”至关重要。

The agreement was a major step to reach European strategic autonomy, a top priority for the EU, as its old ally, the U.S., pursues the "America First" policy under the Trump administration, and of great importance to EU independence as a pillar of the world.

5

2040年亚太经合组织布特拉加亚愿景通过

APEC Putrajaya Vision 2040 Adopted

11月20日，亚太经济合作组织第二十七次领导人非正式会议宣布了亚太合作新蓝图——2040年亚太经合组织布特拉加亚愿景，力争到2040年建成一个开放、活力、强韧、和平的亚太共同体。

The 27th APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting, held virtually on November 20, launched the Putrajaya Vision 2040, the new long-term blueprint for future cooperation, which envisions an open, dynamic, resilient and peaceful Asia-Pacific community by 2040.

习近平在亚太经合组织第二十七次领导人非正式会议上发表讲话时说，中国将积极考虑加入全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定。该协定是由11个成员国参与的高标准自由贸易协定，已于2018年12月生效。

During the meeting, Chinese President Xi Jinping said China will favorably consider joining the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership, a higher-level free trade agreement between 11 regional economies that became effective in December 2018.

6

英国脱欧完成

Britain Leaving the EU

2016年6月23日英国全民公投决定“脱欧”。经过三年多的反复谈判， 1月31日，英国正式“脱欧”，褪下其维持了47年的欧盟成员国身份。

On January 31, Britain officially left the EU, ending its 47-year membership after three and a half years of entanglement since its referendum decision was made on June 23, 2016.

12月24日，欧盟与英国就包括贸易在内的一系列合作关系达成协议。根据协议，从2021年开始，双方的商品贸易将继续享受零关税，避免了大规模贸易成本增加。对于受疫情冲击的英、欧经济而言，无疑是利好消息。

Bilateral trade deal was reached on December 24. According to the deal, starting from 2021, the two sides' commodity trade will continue to enjoy zero tariff , avoiding large-scale trade cost increases. This is undoubtedly good news for the British and European Union whose economies have been hit by the pandemic.

7

以色列与部分阿拉伯国家关系正常化

Israeli-Arab Ties Normalization

自8月以来，以色列已与阿拉伯国家阿联酋、巴林、苏丹和摩洛哥实现关系正常化。在以色列这一轮外交突破中，美国发挥了关键作用。部分阿拉伯国家接连与以色列建交，巴勒斯坦对此表示强烈谴责。

Israel has normalized relations with the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Sudan and Morocco since August. The U.S. played a critical role in Israel's diplomatic breakthrough, a development severely condemned and rejected by Palestine.

8

纳卡地区爆发冲突

Conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh

9月27日，亚美尼亚和阿塞拜疆在纳戈尔诺-卡拉巴赫地区发生新一轮冲突，造成包括平民在内的4000余人死亡、8000余人受伤，另有数万人沦为难民。

On September 27, a new round of armed conflict broke out between Armenia and Azerbaijan in the disputed Nagorno-Karabakh region, resulting in some 4,000 casualties, including civilians, and tens of thousands of refugees.

经俄罗斯调停，有关各方签署声明，宣布纳卡地区从莫斯科时间11月10日零时起完全停火。俄罗斯已开始在该地区执行维和任务。

A Russia-brokered ceasefire statement was signed on November 10, on the condition of deploying Russian peacekeepers along the line of contact in Nagorno-Karabakh and the Lachin corridor connecting the region with Armenia.

9

全球变暖造成极端气象频发

Global Warming Taking Greater Toll

2020年是《巴黎协定》签订五周年。今年，极端气候在世界各地频发，如美国和澳大利亚的山火肆虐，中国南方多省遭遇洪涝灾害。2月9日，科学家在南极洲西摩岛检测到该地区的最高温达到20.75℃。这些极端气候引发了人们对地球变暖的担忧，并呼吁各国承担责任，应对气候变暖。

This year marks the fifth anniversary of the Paris Agreement on climate change, and also witnessed extreme weather conditions repeatedly occurring across the world, from raging wildfires in the U.S. and Australia to devastating floods in south China. On February 9, an Antarctica-based team of scientists recorded a new all-time high temperature of 20.75 degrees Celsius. These facts combined have fueled concerns about the warming of the planet and require countries to take their responsibility.

12月12日，气候雄心峰会以视频方式举行，来自世界各地的75位领导人公布了减少温室气体排放的新承诺和具体计划，以应对不断加大的全球变暖风险。

On December 12, the Climate Ambition Summit took place online. Seventy-five leaders from all over the world unveiled new commitments and concrete plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to tackle ever-increasing climate change indicators and impacts.

10

首次负油价

Negative Oil Pricing

4月20日，美国西得州轻质原油期货5月结算价收于每桶-37.63美元，这是自石油期货从1983年在纽约商品交易所开始交易后首次跌入负数交易。油价负数意味着将油运送到炼油厂或存储的成本已经超过了石油本身的价值。

On April 20, the West Texas Intermediate for May delivery settled at minus $37.63 a barrel on the New York Mercantile Exchange. It meant that the cost of transporting oil to its refineries or storage destinations exceeded the value of the oil itself. It was the first time an oil futures contract had traded negative in history.

由于新冠疫情影响，石油需求显著下降。12月初，美国石油价格突破每桶40美元，为3月下旬以来的最高水平。

The drop was the result of a significant decline in demand due to the COVID-19 pandemic. U.S. oil prices exceeded $40 per barrel in early December, the highest since late March.

翻　　译：温　晴

责任编辑：李　南

排版设计：卢一凡