在英语中有些短语的字面意思可能不是它的实际意思,它们通常是由一些耳熟能详的单词组成的,如 sit on the fence,而有些短语的字面意思就是它的实际意思,因为这个意思就是中文里面使用的意思,如 dark horse.

Sit on the fence 不要理解为“坐在围栏上”,它意为“持观望态度,犹豫不决,骑墙,保持中立”等,例如:

He tends to at meetings.

开会时他往往持观望态度。

When Jane and Tom argue, it is best to sit on the fence and not make of them angry.

简和汤姆吵架时,最好保持中立,不要让他们两人生气。

Dark horse 的字面意思”黑马“就是它的实际意思,在中英文中都用来比喻最近刚取得或将要取得成功的新人,例如:

In the 1955 golf championship, Jack Fleck defeated Ben Hogan.

在1955年的高尔夫锦标赛上,黑马杰克·弗莱克击败了本·霍根。

He was a dark horse in the competition.

他在比赛中真是一匹黑马。

类似的还有 big mouth,它的字面意思”大嘴巴“就是它的实际意思,在中英文中用来比喻自吹自擂、多嘴的人或嘴巴不严的人,相当于 blabbermouth,意思相当于 talk too much,常用于搭配 have a big mouth 中,例如:

1. big mouth:

Your big mouth gets you in at school, Steven!

你的大嘴总是让你在学校惹麻烦,史蒂文!

His friends are scared of inviting him to the parties he turns into a big mouth after a drinks.

他的朋友们害怕邀请他参加聚会,因为他喝了几杯后就变成了一个大嘴巴。

God you' a big mouth! Don't you stop about people's ?

天哪,你真是一个大嘴巴!你就不能停止谈论别人的事吗?

2. talk too much:

I have a tendency talk much when I'm nervous.

我紧张时总爱唠叨。

He does not talk and what he say is precise and to the point.

他话不多,但他说的话既准确又中肯。

当然 big mouth 在中文有本意的用法,也就是大嘴巴,通常指鱼的嘴巴很大,例如:

A largemouth bass has a big mouth.

一个大口鲈鱼有一个大嘴巴。

at the big mouth on that bass, Jerry! You could fit a coke can in it.

看看那条鲈鱼的大嘴,杰瑞!你可以在里面装一个可乐罐。

我们还可以用 talkative,loquacious,verbose 等来形容一个人话多、喋喋不休或健谈的,但 loquacious 是正式用语,它们都是可分级形容词,其中 verbose 带有贬义,因此在使用时要注意区分,例如:

1. talkative:

She's happy, talkative, and outgoing.

她很快乐,健谈,外向。

2. loquacious:

Once a loquacious politician, he now makes rarely grants interviews and reads speeches from texts.

他曾经是一位口若悬河的政治家,现在很少接受采访,也很少从文本中阅读演讲稿。

3. verbose:

He was a notoriously verbose after-dinner speaker.

他是出了名的饭后唠叨的发言者。

Wordy 跟 verbose 类似带有贬义,但 verbose 更正式,它们更常用于表达文章的冗长或堆砌词藻的,例如:

1. verbose:

His writing is difficult and often verbose.

他的文章很晦涩,而且往往篇幅冗长。

2. wordy:

As usual she gave a reply was wordy and didn't answer the .

她照常回答了一个措辞含糊的问题,没有回答问题。

词或词组辨析: