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CES TEMS
《中国电工技术学会电机与系统学报（英文）》(CES TEMS)是中国电工技术学会和中国科学院电工研究所共同主办、IEEE PELS学会技术支持的英文学术期刊。期刊发表国内外有关高性能电机系统、电机驱动、电力电子、可再生能源系统、电气化交通等研发及应用领域中原创、前沿学术论文。中国工程院院士马伟明担任主编，IEEE的执委Don Tan博士为国际主编。
Message from Editors
Deputy Editor-in-Chief:Professor Wei Xu
Guest Editors:
Qinfen Lu, Jiwen Zhao, Xuzhen Huang, Jin Xu, Baoquan Kou, Guangtong Ma, Guobing Lin, Junyong Lu, Wei Wang, Liyi Li, Gang Lv, Liang Xu, Ping Zheng, Zhaolong Sun, Essam Eddin M. Rashad, Jianguo Zhu, Ion Boldea
Analysis of Electromagnetic Characteristics of a Novel Toroidal Acceleration Linear Motor
Authors:
Zhentian Liu, Qiaopeng Zhou, and Weichao Li
Abstract—A high thrust density linear motor, which adopts a novel toroidal structure, applying to load acceleration in confined space is proposed. The basic structure of the toroidal acceleration permanent magnetsynchronous linear motor (TA-PMLSM) is depicted, both with its parameters listed. The main characteristics such as air gap magnetic density and electromagnetic thrust are discussed by establishing the electromagnetic field equation in the cylindrical coordinate system. And simulation comparison between the Halbach permanent magnet array and the classical radial one is alsomade to get a higher density of the magnetic and electromagnetic thrust. Compared with the conventional radial permanent magnet array, results show that the amplitude of back EMF of ring motor under the action of Halbach permanent magnet array has a better sinusoidal, the magnetic density of the air gapincreases by 1.3 times, the thrust density increases by 1.42 times, and themain harmonic content of the two referred physical quantity decrease ssignificantly.
Electromagnetic Analysis and Optimization of High-speed Maglev Linear Synchronous Motor Based on Field-circuit Coupling
Authors:
Junci Cao, Xiaoqing Deng, Dong Li, and Bo Jia
Abstract—High speed maglev train has become a new non-contact transportation mode mainly studied inrecent years because of its non-sticking and high speed characteristics. Firstly, the finite element model of the long stator linear synchronous motor(LSM) is established based on the structure of the test prototype. After calculation, it is compared with the experimental data and verified. On this basis, afield-circuit coupling model based on inverter circuit is established, and the influence of carrier wave ratio change on the output characteristics of LSM is calculated and analyzed. Finally, the filter circuit is introduced into thefield-circuit coupling model, and the influence of the filter circuit on the output characteristics of the LSM is compared and analyzed.
A Modified Neutral-point Voltage Control Strategy for Three-level Inverters Based on Decomposition of Space Vector Diagram
Authors:
Dereje Woldegiorgis, and H. Alan Mantooth
Abstract—Capacitor voltage imbalance is a significant problem for three-level inverters. Due to the mid-point modulation of the seinverter topologies, the neutral point potential moves up or down depending on the neutral point current direction creating imbalanced voltages among the two capacitors. This imbalanced capacitor voltage causes imbalanced voltage stress among the semiconductor devices and causes increase output voltage and current harmonics. This paper introduces a modified voltage balancing strategy using two-level space vector modulation. By decomposing the three-level space vector diagram into two-level space vector diagram and redistributing the dwell times of the two-level zero space vectors, the modified voltage balancing method ensures minimal NP voltage ripple. Compared to the commonly used NP voltagecontrol method (using 3L SVM [9]), the proposed modified NP voltage control method offers a slightly higher neutral-point voltage ripple and output voltage harmonics but, it has much lower switching loss, code size and execution time.
Analysis of Permanent Magnet-assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor Based on Equivalent Reluctance Network Model
Authors:
Changbin Li, Xiuhe Wang, Feng Liu, Jie Ren, Zezhi Xing, and Xinwei Gu
Abstract—In this paper, the equivalent reluctance network model (ERNM) is used to calculate the magnetic circuit of a permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMASynRM) and calculate no-load air-gap magnetic field and electromagnetic torque. Iteration method is used to solve the relative permeability of iron core. A novel reluctance network model based onactual distribution of the magnetic flux inside the motor is established. The magnetomotive force (MMF) generated by armature winding affects the relative permeability of iron core, which is considered in the calculation of ERNM toimprove the accuracy when the motor is under load. ERNM can be used to measureair-gap flux density, no-load back electromotive force (EMF), the average valueof motor torque, the armature windingvoltage under load, and power factor. The method of calculating the motor performance is proposed. The results of calculation are consistent with finite element method (FEM) and the computational complexity is much less than that of the FEM. The results of ERNM has been verified, which will provide a simple method for motor design and analysis.
Fast Square Root Calculation without Division for High Performance Control Systems of Power Electronics
Authors:
Anton Dianov, Alecksey Anuchin, Alexey Bodrov
Abstract—The calculation of square roots is a frequently used operation in control systems of power electronics for different applications: motor drives, power converters, etc. At the same time, the execution of this procedure significantly loads microcontrollers and uses its power, which can be utilized for performing other important tasks. Therefore, it restricts the size of code, which can be processed by the microcontroller and compels developers to limit the number offunctions, or to decrease execution frequency of a program. Thus, the calculation of square roots is a bottle-neck in implementation of high-performance controlsystems, thus effective optimization of this task is extremely important inmodern and efficient devices. In respect that many applications do not need precise calculation of square roots, the optimization of execution time can beachieved by decreasing of precision of the result. The proposed technique isbased on the approximation of parabola with hyperbola, which allows you to rapidly find the approximate value of a square root. Taking into account that many digital signal processors (DSP) are not equipped with an effective divider, the developed algorithm does not use divisions, so it can be executed faster. The payback for this optimization is approximation error with a maximum of 0.5%, however, it is acceptable for the overwhelming majority of control systems.
Flexible Power Regulation and Limitation of Voltage Source Inverters under Unbalanced Grid Faults
Authors:
Peng Cheng, Kongyuan Li, Chao Wu, Jing Ma, and Limin Jia
Abstract— This paper develops a flexible power regulation and limitation strategy of voltage source inverters (VSIs) under unbalanced grid faults. When the classical power theory is used under unbalanced grid faults, the power oscillations and current distortions are inevitable. In the proposed strategy, the extended power theory is introduced to compute the power feedbacks together with the classical power theory. Based on the combination ofthe classical and extended power theory, the proposed strategy can achieve the sinusoidal current provision and the flexible regulation between three commontargets, i.e., constant active power, balanced current, and constant reactive power. Meanwhile, the proposed strategy is associated with a power limiter, which is capable to keep the currents under the pre-defined threshold and to compute the maximum apparent power for better utilization of the inverter capacity. With this power limiter, the rated inverter capacity is fully usedfor both the active and reactive power provisions under unbalanced grid faults. Using the proposed power regulation and limitation, the VSI can avoid overcurrent tripping and flexibly regulate its power under unbalanced gridfaults. All the conclusions are verified by the real-timehardware-in-loop tests.
Temperature Field Analysis of Mine Flameproof Outer Rotor Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Different Cooling Schemes
Authors:
Shengnan Wu, Daquan Hao, and Wenming Tong
Abstract—Aiming at the problem of temperature rise of mine flameproof outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor, based on the fluid structure coupling method, the temperature distribution of motor under three cooling schemes of air coolingand water cooling are calculated respectively. For the structure I air cooling system, the influence of different number of heat sinkon the maximum temperature rise and pressure drop of fluid channel is analyzed, and the parameters of heat sink are optimized. For the structure II air cooling system, the influence of setting fillet at the turn back of the fluid channel on the headloss in the fluid domain of the motor is analyzed, and the influence of different fillet radius on the head loss and the maximum temperature rise inthe fluid domain is obtained. For the structure II water cooling system, the influence of different water flow speed on the maximum temperature rise of the motor is analyzed, and the influence of different assembly clearance of modular stator teeth and yoke on the maximum temperature rise of the motor is analyzed. The cooling effect and temperature rise distribution characteristics of the three cooling schemes are compared and analyzed. Finally, a water-cooledprototype is manufactured, and the temperature rise experiment is carried out, and the influence of the thermal deformation of fluid channel, stator yoke andstator teeth on the maximum temperature of the motor is analyzed. The results show that the calculated temperature field after considering the thermal deformation is closer to the experimental value, which verifies the accuracy of the calculation results, It also provides a reference for the selection and design of the cooling structure of the same type of PMSM electric roller.
Comparative Investigation of Torque-ripple Suppression Control Strategies Based on Torque-sharing Function for Switched Reluctance Motor
Authors:
Tong Chen, and Guoyang Cheng
Abstract—Torque rippleis an inherent property of switched reluctance motor (SRM), which seriously affects the control performance and application of the motor. This paper proposes two torque ripple suppression control strategies based on torque-sharingfunction (TSF). According to the symmetry characteristics of the flux linkage and rotor position curve family, a fourth-order Fourier series is used to fitthe SRM flux linkage analytical model. The coefficient of each harmonic term ofthe flux linkage model is a function related to current, expressed by asixth-order polynomial. The torque analytical formula can be derived from the flux linkage model. The torque error is calculated via the identified torque model and is compensated through TSF controller in order to reducetorque ripple. The torque model can also be used to establish the torque loop to achieve accurate tracking of the TSF reference torque to reduce torqueripple. Digital simulation was conducted, followed by the implementation on a SRM testbench using a 28335DSP as the master control chip. The experimental results are consistent with the simulation results, and indicate the effectivenessof the proposed schemes.
Review of Linear Switched Reluctance Motor Designs for Linear Propulsion Applications
Authors:
Nisha Prasad, Shailendra Jain, and Sushma Gupta
Abstract— Linear switched reluctance motor (LSRM) and its applications indifferent industries have been an interesting research topic for the past fewyears. LSRMs have proved to be a suitable alternative in a variety of applications requiring linear motion. However, its use is not that popular which instigated an active interest in the evolution of newer LSRM configurations. Enhancement in its propulsion force along with the reduction inforce ripples, weight, acoustic noise, and vibration have been the main objectivesin recently proposed LSRM designs. In this paper, recently proposed LSRM designs are reviewed and analyzed. The paper presents a one-stop introduction and a complete update to the designs, both in terms of qualitative and quantitative parameters. In addition, it takes into account the challenges in the implementation of these designs. Based on a detailed comparison of these designs as presented in this paper, an appropriate design can be chosen for agiven application.
Design and Analysis of New Modular Stator Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Motor
Authors:
Shengnan Wu, Yukun Wang, and WenmingTong
Abstract— Hybrid excitation motor is a combination of permanent magnet motor and electric excitation motor, which can flexibly adjust the air gap magnetic field. At present, the traditional silicon steel sheet core material is widely used, but this material limits the further reduction of stator iron loss. In this paper, a new type of hybrid excitation synchronous motor with modular stator structure based on amorphous alloy material is proposed. The design power is 1kW, and the speed is 3000rpm. By placing the armature winding and electric excitation winding in the stator slot, the slip ring and brush are avoided, and the reliability of the motor is improved. The rotor adopts staggered magnetic polestructure, which has strong flux adjusting ability. The core loss is greatly reducedby using amorphous alloy. Firstly, the structure and working principle of thenew motor are given; Secondly, the size parameters of the motor are given, and the principle of flux adjustment is verified and analyzed by three-dimensional finite element(3D-FEM); Finally, through theoretical analysis of the influence factors of the magnetic adjustment ability and 3D-FEM finite element computation, the flux adjustment ability and the torque lifting at low speed are verified, and the advantages of the motor are verified.
Starting Control of Free Piston Stirling Linear Generator System Based on FOC
Authors:
QiaolingYang, Kechun Zhang, Shenghui Guo, Boliang Song, and Xiaoyu Zhang
Abstract— Aiming at the problem of poor system dynamic performance caused by low parameter matching in the coordinated control of Stirling engineand linear generator in the starting stage control of free piston Stirling linear generator system, a joint control method of free piston Stirling permanent magnet synchronous linear generator system based on field orientation control is proposed, based on the theoretical derivation of the mathematical model of the system and the principle of controller parameters setting, the simulation experiments of the system starting stage under several Stirling engine working conditions are carried out under simulation. The experimental results show that the stability and rapidity of the system are improved, and the dynamic response speed of generator parameters under different working conditions is accelerated, what fully verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the method. It provides an effective way to improve the control performance of the system and stabilize the power generation operation.
A Novel High PerformanceMagnetic Gear with Auxiliary Silicon Steel Sheet
Authors:
Can Tan, and Libing Jing
Abstract— Magnetic gear is atransmission device with novel structure. It uses the principle of magnetic field modulation to transmit torque. In view of the magnetic leakage of the magnetic gear in the process of rotation and cannot be eliminated, a magnetic gear model with auxiliary silicon steel sheet is proposed. Based on the conventional magnetic gear structure, the silicon steel sheet is placed outside the permanent magnet of the outer rotor. The magnetization mode of the outer rotor permanent magnet is tangential magnetization, and the spoke structure is adopted , and the inner rotor PMs is surface mounted and magnetized inthe radial magnetization. The improved modelis simulated by finite element method under three-dimensional conditions , and the electromagnetic performances of the model are optimized. Compared with the conventional magnetic gear model, the improved model has good performance, which improves the transmission capacity of output torque and reduces torque ripple. It is agreat significance to improve the performance of magnetic gear.
Investigation of an Intensifying-flux Variable Flux-leakage Interior Permanent Magnet Machine for Wide Speed Range
Authors:
Xiping Liu, Dabin Liu, SitingZhu, and Jianwei Liang
Abstract—In this paper, anovel intensifying-flux variable flux-leakage interior permanent magnet(IFVF-IPM) machine is proposed, in which flux barriers were designed deliberately between the adjacent poles to obtain intensifying-flux effect andvariable flux-leakage property. The rotor topology and design principles of the proposed machine are also introduced. Then, a multi-objective optimization method is adopted based on the sensitivity analysis, and some design variables of IFVF-IPM machine with strong sensitivity are selected to optimization progress by using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ). Moreover, the electromagnetic characteristics of conventional IPM machine, conventional IFVF-IPM machine (CIFVF-IPM) and the novel IFVF-IPM machine arecompared based on the finite element analysis (FEA) method which includes flux linkage, inductances characteristic, torque-speed envelops and power characteristic, as well as evaluation of the risk of irreversible demagnetization. Finally, the experiment results show that the IFVF-IPM machinehas a better performance in flux weakening capability for wide speed range and alower risk of irreversible demagnetization, which indicates the validity andfeasibility of the proposed machine.
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