恰当地运用非谓语动词对简单句和复杂句进行转换，不仅显得句式多样，句子活泼，而且可使表达更简洁、更高级。
非谓语动词在写作中的形式主要为doing、done、having done和with的复合结构，其作状语时，主要表示原因、结果或伴随状态。
（一）doing
功能：doing形式所表达的动词与主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
e.g.:
1> Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and reprimanded the assistant severely.
2> His father died, leaving him a lot of money.
3> Ignoring her words, the man walked away quickly.
句子练习：
1.我小心翼翼地打开信,希望能找到一些有关钱包主人身份的线索。
I opened the letter carefully, hoping for some clue to the identity of the owner of the wallet.
2.他聚精会神地听着,咬着嘴唇,眼睛盯着地板。
He listened with close attention, biting his lips and staring at the floor.
3.“当然有圣诞老人啊”,奶奶说道,一边用手指拨弄着我的头发。
"Of course, there is a Santa Clause." Grandma said, stroking her fingers through my hair.
4.她感到累极了,坐在溪边,让疼痛的双脚放松一下。
She felt exhausted and sat by the stream, resting her aching feet.
5.Jane 觉得冷得无法忍受,精疲力竭,完全不知道该如何应对这种可怕的情况。
Feeling unbearably cold and extremely exhausted, Jane was quite at a loss as to how to cope with
the terrible situation.
6.他屏住呼吸,尽力不发出任何声音,免得让人知道他来了。
He held his breath, trying to not make the slightest sound that might betray his presence.
7.好奇心切,她从河岸边跑开,穿过田野去追兔子。
Burning with curiosity, she ran away from the riverbank and across the field to chase after the rabbit.
8.他痛苦地喘着气,强迫自己站了起来,迈着缓慢的步子,摇摇晃晃地开始走。
Gasping with pain, he forced himself to his feet and with slow, shaky steps, began to walk.
（二）done
功能：done形式所表达的动词与主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
e.g.:
1>Scolded by the teacher, he burst into tears.
2>A young man came to the police station, surrounded by a group of journalists.
句子练习：
1.他又沮丧又低落,低着头,走在队伍的最后。
Depressed and low-spirited, he walked at the end of the line with his head drooping.
2.她穿着圣诞老人的服装,悄悄溜进房间,没有被看到。
Dressed in a Santa Claus costume, she slipped into the room without being noticed.
3.Ronny 沉浸在强烈的恐惧感中,一句话也说不出来。
Immersed in a strong sense of scare, Ronny couldn't utter a single word.
（三）having done
功能：having done表示分词动作发生在谓语动词之前，常译为“在......之后；已经......了”。
e.g.:
1>Having walked for quite a long time, she found herself lost.
2>Having failed three times, he didn’t want to try again.
句子练习：
1.在家整整复习了一个周末，他满怀信心地期待即将到来的考试。
Having reviewed his lessons for a whole weekend at home, he expected the coming exam with confidence.
2.她接连经历了那么多次失败后，终于振作起来了。
Having experienced so many failures one after another, she finally picked herself up.
3.在银行排队等了一个小时后，这个女人变得不耐烦，然后离开了。
Having waited in line for an hour at the bank, the woman grew impatient and left.
4.她在街上漫无目的地逛上好几个小时，感到有点饿，想吃点东西。
Having wondered aimlessly in the street for hours, she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat.
5.说出真相后，他心里轻松了很多，心情放松地回家了。
Having told the truth, he felt easier in his mind and returned home with a lighter heart.
6.做好充分准备后，她站在窗边，期待着女儿的到来。
Having made full preparations, she stood by the window, expecting the arrival of her daughter.
（四）with复合结构
功能：with复合结构表示原因、结果或伴随状态，其构成形式为：with+宾语+宾语补足语。
e.g.:
1>She felt asleep with the light burning.
2>With all the things bought, they headed for the church.
句子练习：
1.女孩微笑着,长发在微风中飘动。
The girl smiled with her long hair flowing in the breeze.
2.他的妻子伤心极了,眼里满是泪水。
His wife was in deep sorrow with her eyes filled with tears.
3.天亮时 Jane 醒了,觉得头晕晕的。
It was daybreak when Jane woke up with her head spinning.
4.意外毁了他的计划,他愤怒地大叫了一声。
With his plan ruined by the accident, he let out a cry of anger.
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