“成为不朽，然后死去。”这是戈达尔成名作《精疲力尽》中的台词，如今也成为他人生的真实写照。

据法媒，9月13日，法国兼瑞士籍著名导演让-吕克·戈达尔在瑞士去世，享年91岁。他被誉为法国新浪潮电影奠基人之一。他的家人表示，戈达尔平静地在家中离去，不会举行葬礼等仪式，而戈达尔的遗体将会火化。

Renowned French-Swiss film director Jean-Luc Godard died on Tuesday, at the age of 91, French media reports. He had been dubbed as one of the leading figures in French New Wave filmmaking. In a statement on Tuesday, his family said that the director had died "peacefully at home", and no official funeral ceremony will take place and that Godard will be cremated.

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戈达尔逝世后，法国总统马克龙在自己的社交媒体上发文凭吊，表示戈达尔是新浪潮运动中最“离经叛道”的导演，“他创造了一种完全现代化、极度自由的艺术风格。我们失去了一个国宝，一个天才的眼光”。

After Godard's death, French President Emmanuel Macron dedicated a written tribute to him on social media, describing Godard as the most "iconoclastic" of New Wave filmmakers. "He invented a resolutely modern, intensely free art. We have lost a national treasure, a man who had the vision of a genius," Macron wrote.

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戈达尔生前曾写到，只要“一个女孩和一根枪”就能成就一个电影剧本。而这个理论在他人生第一部执导的电影《精疲力尽》（豆瓣评分8.4）中得到了有效验证。被誉为新浪潮运动的开山之作，电影讲述身无分文的街头混混偷了车并开枪打死了一名警察，随后极力说服记者女友与她偷跑到意大利的故事。

Godard once wrote that all you need to make a movie is "a girl and a gun". That could be applied in his masterpiece — also his first directed work — Breathless, which tells the story of a penniless thief who steals a car and kills a policeman with a gun. The thief later persuades his journalist girlfriend to run away with him to Italy.

这部电影令世界眼前一亮的还有它的剪辑 —— 大量的跳接镜头。在当时的电影市场上，主流作品强调镜头画面与叙事连贯性，而戈达尔却借这种不连贯的画面，和凌乱分割的叙事，呈现时间空间的跳动和主角的精神状态变化。该电影为他赢得了第10届柏林国际电影节银熊奖最佳导演奖。

Another feature of the film that caught the world's attention was his use of jump-cuts — an editing technique that breaks a single continuous sequential shot into parts. In a world which favored smooth editing and a full narrative to give the illusion of continuous time, Godard adopted jump-cuts to make images leap forward in time and space, and a segmented narrative to show how actors change their minds. This movie won him the Berlin Film Festival-Silver Bear for Best Director in 1960.

而戈达尔的个人风格也是独树一帜。他喜欢手持拍摄，喜欢拍摄当天才当场写好剧本，再把场景跟台词告诉前来工作的演员们。这波操作是不是令你想起了哪位？没错，中国香港导演王家卫可谓是戈达尔的“死忠粉”。

Meanwhile, Godard’s unique style as a director also stands out. He liked using handheld cameras for shooting, he would write the script on the day of shooting and would tell the lines to his actors as they arrived for filming. Does this remind you of someone? Yes, film director, screenwriter, and producer Wong Kar-wai from the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is dubbed as Godard's "die-hard" fan.

在1990年电影《阿飞正传》中，张国荣饰演的阿飞把自己比喻成“无脚的雀仔”，说出了那句浪漫得无法释怀的台词：“我听人讲过，这个世界有种鸟是没有脚的，它只可以一直飞啊飞，飞到累的时候就在风里睡觉……这种鸟一生只可以落地一次，那就是它死的时候。”而这句台词灵感来自戈达尔1964年电影《法外之徒》（豆瓣评分8.6）中主角阿瑟中枪后的旁白。

In Wong's 1990 movie Days of Being Wild, Yuddy, played by Leslie Cheung, described himself as a bird with no feet. This line is inspired by the scene in Godard's 1964 movie Bande à part, in which Arthur is shot dead.

得知偶像死讯，王家卫也在自己的社交媒体上发文悼念，称戈达尔是“永远的战士”。

When informed of Godard’s death, Wong wrote a tribute to his role model, calling Godard "a fighter, always."

图源：微博

自此，被誉为法国新浪潮电影“五虎将”的五位导演：弗朗索瓦·特吕弗（1932-1984）、克劳德·夏布洛尔（1930-2010）、埃里克·侯麦（1920-2010）、雅克·里维特（1928-2016）、让-吕克·戈达尔（1930-2022），已全部告别人间。

Apart from Godard's death, other four pillars of French New Wave filmmaking, Directors François Truffaut, Claude Chabrol, Éric Rohmer and Jacques Rivette, all passed away.

编辑：吴玮莹

来源：BBC News 腾讯新闻 网易新闻