外刊精读 | 去卡塔尔看世界杯，女生是否需要特殊着装？|世界杯|卡塔尔|巴西|特殊着装|纳赛尔|翻译|足球运动员

今天是小芳老师陪你精读外刊的第32天

难度指数5级（共8级）

读前想想，下面内容用英语怎么说？

1. 守旧的 2. 着装规定 3. 四分之一决赛 4. 严格限制

第一步：泛读原文（盲听1遍，泛读1遍，对照文本听1遍）

Coming from Brazil for the World Cup in Qatar, Daniela Crawford had been worried about conservative dress codes. But like many women attending the tournament, she said she found no problems.

“In Brazil people are used to it, but we came here and decided to show how we are,” said Crawford — wearing shorts — as she took pictures with a Brazilian flag with her husband and two sons outside Doha’s Education City Stadium before the Brazil-Croatia quarterfinal match last week.

This is the first World Cup held in an Arab and Muslim nation. In the lead-up, the Qatari government, world soccer body FIFA and national governments advised people attending from around the world to respect local customs, on everything from women’s dress to drinking.

Many women fans speaking to The Associated Press said that despite worries, they’ve encountered no troubles and only had to make minor adjustments in how they dress. Some welcomed Qatar’s tight restrictions on alcohol, saying it made them feel safer. Qatar, meanwhile, is presenting the tournament as an opportunity to overcome stereotypes about women’s role here.

Qatar has said improving the situation of women in the tiny Gulf nation is one of its priorities. Women hold a number of prominent government and academic positions, including three ministers in the Cabinet. The mother of its ruling emir, Sheikha Moza bint Nasser al-Missned, is one of the most famous women in the Arab world, known for advocating for social causes.

Qatar also has one of the strongest rates of women’s education in the Arab world. The number of Qatari women in university is twice the number of Qatari men, and nearly all Qatari children — boys and girls — attend primary school.

第二步：精读原文（精读1遍，对照文本听1遍，精读1遍）

读原文（精读1遍，对照文本听1遍）

Coming from Brazil for the World Cup in Qatar, Daniela Crawford had been worried aboutconservativedress codes. But like many women attending thetournament, she said she found no problems.

1.conservative: 守旧的：Her style of dress was never conservative. 她的服装式样一点儿也不保守。

2.dress code: 着装规定：The company has a strict dress code—all male employees are expected to wear suits. 公司有严格的着装规定 —— 所有男职员都要穿西服。

3.tournament: 联赛：a golf / squash / tennis, etc. tournament 高尔夫球、壁球、网球等锦标赛

翻译：来自巴西参加卡塔尔世界杯的丹妮拉-克劳福德一直担心保守的着装规定。但像许多参加比赛的妇女一样，她说她没有发现任何问题。

“In Brazil people are used to it, but we came here and decided to show how we are,” said Crawford —wearing shorts— as she took pictures with a Brazilian flag with her husband and two sons outside Doha’s Education City Stadium before the Brazil-Croatiaquarterfinalmatch last week.

1.wearing shorts: 穿着短裤，此处对应前面show how we are

2.quarterfinal:四分之一决赛，semi-final 半决赛，final决赛

翻译：克劳福德说："在巴西，人们已经习惯了，但我们来到这里，决定展示我们自己。"上周巴西与克罗地亚的四分之一决赛前，克劳福德穿着短裤，与她的丈夫和两个儿子在多哈教育城体育场外与巴西国旗拍照。

This is the first World Cupheldin an Arab and Muslim nation. In the lead-up, the Qatari government, world soccer body FIFA and national governments advised people attending from around the world to respect local customs, on everything fromwomen’s dress to drinking.

1.held: 等于which is held，相当于定语从句

知识点：阿拉伯人大多居住在热带沙漠地区，那儿日照时间长，气温高（最高气温可达55摄氏度），降水量少，蒸发量极大，非常干旱。穿着白色长袍，戴着白色头巾，一是易于反射热量，防止阳光灼伤皮肤；二是避免身上的汗水过多蒸发，造成人体缺水。宽袍大袖，通风良好，穿着也不觉得闷热，还能保护人体免受沙尘之苦。当然，他们穿着这种民族服装，还因为阿拉伯人的风俗是不能暴露头部和身体的。

翻译：这是第一次在阿拉伯和穆斯林国家举行的世界杯。在筹备过程中，卡塔尔政府、世界足球组织国际足联和各国政府建议来自世界各地的参赛者尊重当地的习俗，从女性的着装到饮酒。

Many women fans speaking toThe Associated Presssaid that despite worries, they’ve encountered no troubles and only had to make minor adjustments in how they dress. Some welcomed Qatar’stight restrictions on alcohol, saying it made them feel safer. Qatar, meanwhile, is presenting the tournament as an opportunity to overcomestereotypes about women’s role here.

1.The Associated Press: 美联社，本篇文章取自美联社

2.tight restriction: 严格限制，e.g. Most of California's residents were told to stay at home, astighter restrictions were introduced in counties where the virus is surging. 大多数加州居民被告知待在家中，因为在疫情蔓延的郡县实施了更严格的限制措施。

3.stereotype: 刻板印象：cultural / gender / racial stereotypes有关文化的 / 性别的 / 种族的旧框框

翻译：许多女球迷在接受美联社采访时说，尽管有顾虑，但她们没有遇到任何麻烦，只是在穿着上做了些许调整。一些人欢迎卡塔尔对酒精的严格限制，说这让他们感到更安全。同时，卡塔尔正将这次比赛作为一个机会，以克服这里对妇女角色的陈规定型观念。

Qatar has said improving the situation of women in the tiny Gulf nation is one of itspriorities. Women hold a number ofprominentgovernment and academic positions, including three ministers in the Cabinet. The mother of its rulingemir, Sheikha Moza bint Nasser al-Missned, is one of the most famous women in the Arab world, known foradvocating for social causes.

1.priorities: 首要事情：a high / low priority 重点 / 非重点项目

2.prominent: important or well known杰出的：a prominent politician 杰出的政治家

3.emir: the title given to some Muslim rulers埃米尔(对某些穆斯林统治者的尊称)

4.advocate: 提倡, The group does not advocate the use of violence. 该团体不支持使用暴力。

翻译：卡塔尔表示，改善这个海湾小国的妇女状况是其优先事项之一。妇女担任了许多重要的政府和学术职位，包括内阁的三位部长。其执政埃米尔的母亲谢哈-莫萨-宾特-纳赛尔-米斯内德是阿拉伯世界最著名的女性之一，以倡导社会事业而闻名。

Qatar also has one of the strongest rates of women’s education in the Arab world. The number of Qatari women in university istwice the number ofQatari men, and nearly all Qatari children — boys and girls — attend primary school.

1.twice the number of: 倍数表达，2倍

翻译：卡塔尔也是阿拉伯世界中妇女受教育率最高的国家之一。卡塔尔妇女在大学的人数是卡塔尔男子的两倍，几乎所有的卡塔尔儿童--男孩和女孩--都上小学。

第三步：阅读双语文章

上下滑动阅读双语全文

Coming from Brazil for the World Cup in Qatar, Daniela Crawford had been worried about conservative dress codes. But like many women attending the tournament, she said she found no problems.

来自巴西参加卡塔尔世界杯的丹妮拉-克劳福德一直担心保守的着装规定。但像许多参加比赛的妇女一样，她说她没有发现任何问题。

克劳福德说："在巴西，人们已经习惯了，但我们来到这里，决定展示我们自己。"上周巴西与克罗地亚的四分之一决赛前，克劳福德穿着短裤，与她的丈夫和两个儿子在多哈教育城体育场外与巴西国旗拍照。

这是第一次在阿拉伯和穆斯林国家举行的世界杯。在筹备过程中，卡塔尔政府、世界足球组织国际足联和各国政府建议来自世界各地的参赛者尊重当地的习俗，从女性的着装到饮酒。

许多女球迷在接受美联社采访时说，尽管有顾虑，但她们没有遇到任何麻烦，只是在穿着上做了些许调整。一些人欢迎卡塔尔对酒精的严格限制，说这让他们感到更安全。同时，卡塔尔正将这次比赛作为一个机会，以克服这里对妇女角色的陈规定型观念。

卡塔尔表示，改善这个海湾小国的妇女状况是其优先事项之一。妇女担任了许多重要的政府和学术职位，包括内阁的三位部长。其执政埃米尔的母亲谢哈-莫萨-宾特-纳赛尔-米斯内德是阿拉伯世界最著名的女性之一，以倡导社会事业而闻名。

卡塔尔也是阿拉伯世界中妇女受教育率最高的国家之一。卡塔尔妇女在大学的人数是卡塔尔男子的两倍，几乎所有的卡塔尔儿童--男孩和女孩--都上小学。

第三步：回答问题（评论区回答问题）

Reading Questions：

1. Where does Daniela Crawford come from?

2. Why did some people welcome Qatar’s tight restrictions on alcohol?

3. What is Sheikha Moza bint Nasser al-Missned known for?

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