第六届世界顶尖科学家论坛顺利落幕以来，科学精神持续传播，学术成果持续沉淀。

本届论坛首次创设“世界顶尖科学家前沿讲堂”，包括15位诺奖得主在内的50余位世界顶尖科学家，通过每人30分钟的学术报告，分享最新的研究成果和前瞻性思考，所涉科研领域达10余个，汇成了一场星光璀璨的学术盛宴。

从1月16日开始，顶科论坛将重磅放送前沿讲堂系列英文原声学术报告，给科研工作者、科学爱好者送上一份新春馈赠。

点击预 约前沿讲堂【通信与能源科学前沿】 直播

【演讲嘉宾】

法比奥·洛卡（Fabio Rocca）

2012年埃尼埃尼新前沿烃类（上游）奖得主、2013年中华人民共和国国际科学技术合作奖获得者、米兰理工大学名誉教授

【演讲摘要】

Radar remote sensing from space

Abstract: Radar remote sensing using microwaves has indeed revolutionized our ability to observe and monitor the Earth's surface, providing a wide range of applications due to its unique capabilities. The talk will cover key points and applications related to radar remote sensing.

All-Weather and Day-and-Night Imaging: Unlike optical sensors that rely on sunlight, radar sensors can operate day and night, as well as under cloud cover. This makes them invaluable for continuous monitoring, especially in regions with frequent cloud cover or during nighttime hours.

Penetration of Various Materials: Microwaves have the ability to penetrate different materials, including vegetation, ice, dry soil, and even some building structures. This allows for observations beneath the Earth's surface and within forests or other obstacles.

High Precision and Resolution: Radar remote sensing can provide high-resolution images with details at the decimeter level or even better. This level of detail is crucial for various applications, such as infrastructure monitoring and disaster assessment.

Earthquake Monitoring: Radar satellites can measure ground motion with millimeter-level precision. This capability is essential for monitoring ground deformation caused by earthquakes, which can aid in understanding earthquake mechanisms and improving early warning systems.

Pre-Seismic Motion: By continuously monitoring ground motion, radar remote sensing can detect subtle pre-seismic deformation, potentially providing early warning signals for impending earthquakes. This is a promising avenue for earthquake prediction research.

Glacier Monitoring: Radar sensors can track the slow movement of glaciers over time, helping scientists understand their behavior, monitor changes, and assess their contribution to sea-level rise, which is crucial for climate change studies.

Vegetation Analysis: Radar can measure ground moisture content and provide valuable data for monitoring vegetation health, drought assessment, and forestry management. It can also estimate forest biomass, aiding in carbon sequestration studies.

Infrastructure Monitoring: Radar can detect deformations in infrastructure, such as dams, caused by factors like water level changes or land subsidence due to fluid extraction. This is vital for ensuring the safety and stability of critical structures.

Geosynchronous Systems: Geosynchronous radar satellites, which remain fixed over a specific area of the Earth's surface, offer the advantage of revisiting the same location multiple times a day. This frequent revisit capability is beneficial for near-real-time monitoring and emergency response.

International Collaboration: The Dragon Project, a collaboration between the European Union and the People's Republic of China, exemplifies the global cooperation in space-based radar remote sensing. Such collaborations foster data sharing, technology advancement, and the expansion of Earth observation capabilities.

In summary, radar remote sensing using microwaves has opened up new possibilities for Earth observation and monitoring, enabling us to better understand natural phenomena, predict potential hazards, and make informed decisions for environmental management and disaster mitigation. As technology continues to advance, we can expect even more applications and insights from radar remote sensing in the future.

【演讲嘉宾】

王中林（Zhong Lin Wang）

2018年埃尼前沿能源奖得主、2019年爱因斯坦世界科学奖得主、中国科学院北京纳米能源与系统研究所所长兼首席科学家

【演讲摘要】

TENG - from scientific discoveries to technological innovations

Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) was invented by my group in 2012, which is based on coupling of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction effects for converting mechanical energy into electric power. TENG is playing a vitally important role in the distributed energy and self-powered systems, with applications in internet of things, environmental/infrastructural monitoring, medical science, environmental science, and security. There are now over 12,000 scientists distributed in 83 countries and regions around the globe who have published papers on TENG. This presentation will first focus on the advances in fundamental science made due to the discovery of TENG. Then we will focus on the potential industrial impacts that have been made by TENG. We will show how this new field will benefit to the sustainable development of humankinds.

References:

[1]Z.L. Wang and A.C. Wang "On the origin of contact electrification" (Review), Materials Today, 30 (2019) 34-51; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2019.05.016

[2]Shiquan Lin#, Xiangyu Chen#, and Zhong Lin Wang* "Contact-electrification at liquid-solid interface" (Review), Chemical Review, 122 (2022) 5209-5232; https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00176

[3]Z.L. Wang "From conctact electrication to triboelectric nanogenerators" (Review), Report on Progress in Physics, 84 (2021) 096502; https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ac0a50

[4]Jiajia Shao, Morten Willatzen*, and Zhong Lin Wang* "Theoretical modelling of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs)"(Review), J. Applied Physics, 128 (2020) 111101; https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0020961

[5]Zhong Lin Wang "On the expanded Maxwell's equations for moving charged media system – general theory, mathematical solutions and applications in TENG", Materials Today, 52 (2022) 348-363; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2021.10.027

[6]Z.L. Wang "Maxwell's equations for a mechano-driven, shape-deformable, charged media system, slowly moving at an arbitrary velocity field (,)", J. Phys, Communication, 6 (2022) 085013; https://doi.org/10.1088/2399-6528/ac871e;

[7]Z.L. Wang "The expanded Maxwell’s equations for a mechano-driven media system that moves with acceleration", Intern. J. of Modern Physics (2022) 2350159; https://doi.org/10.1142/S021797922350159X

【演讲嘉宾】

卡洛斯·格德斯·苏亚雷斯（Carlos GUEDES SOARES）

里斯本大学工程学院（高等技术学院）海洋科技与海洋工程中心杰出教授

【演讲摘要】

Prospects for Floating Wind Energy Offshore

Abstract: An overview is presented of present situation of wind energy production worldwide both onshore and offshore and the future prospects of floating offshore wind energy are presented. The main characteristics of horizontal axis wind turbines and the various support structures are introduced. Characteristics of present-day wind farms are described, as well as the process of technology development for renewable energy devices. The main support structures for wind energy offshore are described and then attention is focused on floating wind energy platforms. Present and future activities needed for the manufacture and installation of floating wind energy platforms are described. The main features of operation and maintenance are described. Additional details are given on maintenance, as this is an area where cost savings still need to be done.

更多“前沿讲堂”学术报告直播

点击预约前沿讲堂【通信与能源科学前沿】直播

编 辑 | 秣 马

佳 莹

责 编 | 小 文