近年来，我们可以明显的看到，美国对中国的崛起如临大敌，从各方面遏制中国的发展；然而对于另外一个谋求世界大国地位的印度，美国却有着截然相反的态度。不仅不担心印度的崛起，还在背后大力支持印度。对此，印度网友问：为什么美国政府害怕中国的崛起而不害怕印度的崛起？

问题

瑞恩

Thank you for your request.

感谢你的问答邀请。

In terms of purchasing power parity (PPP), China's gross domestic product has surpassed that of the United States.

在购买力平价（PPP）方面，中国的国内生产总值已经超过了美国。

It is expected that within the next 20 years, China's GDP denominated in US dollars will surpass that of the United States.

预计在未来 20 年内，中国的以美元计价的国内生产总值将超过美国。

It will take half a century or more for India to approach the challenge of the US economy.

印度要接近挑战美国经济还需要半个世纪或更长时间。

In the past 10 and 15 years, India's GDP growth rate has exceeded that of the United States.

在过去的 10 年和 15 年里，印度的国内生产总值增长率超过了美国的增长率。

In 15 years, India's GDP growth rate has only surpassed China's growth rate twice.

在 15 年里，印度的国内生产总值增长率只有两次超过中国的增长率。

China possesses some military capabilities that the United States cannot defend against.

中国拥有一些美国无法防御的军事能力。

China's overall conventional military strength is basically tied with Russia for second and third place.

中国的整体常规军事力量基本与俄罗斯并列第二和第三。

It is expected that by 2014, China will have a navy comparable in size to the United States, but with a different composition.

预计到 2014 年，中国将拥有与美国规模相当的海军，但组成不同。

India's conventional military forces rank fourth, slightly ahead of France.

印度的常规军事力量排名第四，略领先于法国。

China's technology sector is challenging the United States in many aspects.

中国的科技领域在许多方面都在挑战美国。

China is either on par with or ahead of the United States in several fields, including 5G and artificial intelligence.

中国在包括 5G 和人工智能等几个领域要么与美国持平，要么领先于美国。

India's technology has not yet participated in this competition.

印度的科技还没有参与到这场竞争中。

China's research and development is challenging the United States.

中国的研发正在挑战美国。

In the foreseeable future, India will not pose a challenge to the United States in any field.

在可预见的未来，印度在任何领域都不会对美国构成挑战。

India is considered a friend of the United States because its relationship with India has always been at the level of saying clich é s. The United States has always believed that India is a non threatening country that can be controlled by the United States.

印度被认为是美国的朋友，因为它与印度的关系一直停留在说些陈词滥调的层面上。美国一直认为印度是一个可以被美国控制的无威胁国家。

赛文

After the end of the Cold War, the United States long regarded the rising China as a security threat and concocted the "China threat theory". But for India, which is also a rising power, the United States has not given the same logic to view it as a source of threat, or even as a net security provider.

冷战结束后，美国长期将崛起的中国视为安全威胁，炮制了“中国威胁论”。但对于同样是崛起力量的印度，美国却没有给予同样的逻辑将其视为威胁源，甚至没有将其视为净安全提供者。

In fact, India is still relatively weak, with China being the primary threat and India being a secondary threat. The United States collaborates with India to suppress China, while using China to suppress India, thereby weakening China and India. Just their status is different. China is a source of threat and a target of containment, while India is a containment partner.

事实上，印度仍然相对较弱，中国是首要威胁，印度是次要威胁。美国联合印度来压制中国，同时借中国来压制印度，从而削弱中国和印度。只是他们的地位不同。中国是威胁源和遏制对象，而印度是遏制伙伴。

For the United States, India is still relatively weak and has a significant power gap with major world powers such as the United States. It is difficult to pose a substantial threat to the United States in the short term. Analyze from the following aspects:

对美国来说，印度目前仍然相对较弱，与美国等世界主要大国存在较大的实力差距。短期内很难对美国构成实质性威胁。从以下几个方面分析：

Firstly, in terms of military affairs. In recent years, India's military spending has rapidly increased, ranking among the top in the world and making it a truly global arms procurement powerhouse. But compared to the United States, there is still a huge gap. The excessive variety of weapons also limits India's independent research and development capabilities. This is also one of the important factors why India is underestimated internationally, and one of the reasons why the international community is not in a hurry about India's military strength.

首先，军事方面。近年来，印度的军费开支迅速增加，位居世界前列，是名副其实的全球军火采购大国。但与美国相比，这仍有巨大差距。武器种类过多也限制了印度的自主研发能力。这也是印度在国际上被看低的重要因素之一，也是国际社会对印度军事实力不着急的原因之一。

In addition, the United States is India's main source of weapons imports, and it is easier to influence India's foreign behavior through arms trade. At the same time, having a better understanding of the performance of military equipment sold to India can provide insight into India's military strength. To some extent, it has eliminated doubts and concerns about India's military modernization.

此外，美国是印度主要的武器进口来源国，通过军火贸易更容易影响印度的对外行为。同时，对出售给印度的军事装备性能比较了解，可借此了解印度的军事实力。在一定程度上消除了对印度军事现代化的疑虑和担忧。

Secondly, in terms of economy. Since the economic reform in 1991, India has made tremendous progress and achievements, but this is not enough to bridge the huge gap between India and major world powers. According to the latest data released by the World Bank in 2017, the United States' $18.0 trillion gross domestic product accounts for 24.32% of the global gross domestic product, ranking first in total, while India, although ranked seventh, only accounts for 2.5% of the world's $2.1 trillion gross domestic product. 8%, only 11.7% of the United States.

其次，经济方面。自1991年经济改革以来，印度取得了巨大的进步和成就，但这还不足以弥补印度与世界主要大国之间的巨大差距。根据世界银行2017年发布的最新数据，美国18.0万亿美元的国内生产总值占全球国内生产总值的24.32%，总量排名第一，而印度虽然排名第七，但2.1万亿美元的国内生产总值仅占世界总量的2.5%。8%，仅为美国的11.7%。

Thirdly, India's domestic issues are also considered an important factor for Western countries not to panic about India's rise. There are many social problems in India, such as caste system differences, severe wealth polarization, backward infrastructure, low quality of the population, and ethnic, racial, and religious conflicts and contradictions. This situation limits India's ability to challenge US hegemony at the current stage.

第三，印度的国内问题也被认为是西方国家对印度崛起不恐慌的重要因素。印度存在诸多社会问题，如种姓制度差异、贫富两极分化严重、基础设施落后、民众素质低下以及民族、种族和宗教冲突矛盾等。这种情况限制了印度现阶段试图挑战美国霸权的能力。

At present, in terms of the power gap between the United States, China, and India, the power gap between the United States and China is significantly smaller than that between the United States and India.

目前，就美国与中国和印度的实力差距而言，美国与中国的实力差距明显小于美国与印度的实力差距。

In terms of pure strength and upward trend, China is clearly superior to India, and China's influence is relatively closer to that of the United States, which has led Western countries represented by the United States to focus on China. India not only poses a relatively weak threat to the United States, but most importantly, is weaker than China.

就纯粹的实力和上升趋势而言，中国明显优于印度，中国的影响力相对更接近美国，这使得以美国为代表的西方国家将重点放在中国身上。印度不仅是一个相对较弱的美国几乎不构成威胁，最重要的是，比中国弱。

亚当史密斯

For the most complex problems, there is always a simple answer: China currently ranks second in many aspects, while the United States is desperately trying to maintain its first place. If we replace 'China' with 'India', the US government and its media will also take the exact same action towards India.

对于最复杂的问题总是有一个简单的答案：中国目前在很多方面都位居第二，而美国则拼命保住其第一的位置。如果我们把“中国”换成“印度”，美国政府及其媒体也会对印度做出完全相同的举动。

All the nonsense about 'the United States will never fear or feel threatened by India's rise because India is a democratic country, Indians speak English, and India has a vibrant culture' is just self deception, as if the United States would willingly become the second world after India.

所有那些关于“美国永远不会害怕或感到印度崛起的威胁，因为印度是民主国家，印度人说英语，印度有充满活力的文化”之类的废话只是在自欺欺人，好像美国会心甘情愿地沦为印度之后的世界第二。

We don't need to look back too far into history, just look at how the US government and media treated Japan in the 1980s when they felt threatened by Japan's rapidly growing economy. In order to curb Japan's exports, the United States has launched anti-dumping measures against Japanese products, especially in the steel and automotive industries, imposing or threatening to impose high punitive tariffs, forcing Japan to implement export controls and expand imports. Since then, the Japanese economy has never recovered.

我们不必回顾太久远的历史，只要看看20世纪80年代当美国感受到日本快速增长的经济带来的威胁时，美国政府和媒体是如何对待日本的。为了遏制日本的出口，美国对日本产品发起反倾销措施，特别是在钢铁和汽车行业，实施或威胁实施高额惩罚性关税，迫使日本实施出口管制并扩大进口。从那以后，日本经济就再也没有恢复过来。

In the past fifteen years, China has demonstrated their abilities and the widespread culture of speed and professionalism they have established among their people. They have shown that they are fully capable of surpassing any large economy in their own way of working. The United States was established by talents from all over the world, but China is self reliant, which is a cruel fact.

在过去的十五年里，中国已经展示了他们的能力，以及他们在人民中建立起来的速度和专业精神这种普遍文化。他们已经表明，他们完全有能力以自己的工作方式超越任何大经济体。美国是由来自世界各地的人才建立起来的，但中国是自力更生的，这是一个残酷的事实。

Speaking of India, there are a large number of talents here, but most people have serious negative attitudes, lazy attitudes, and unprofessional traits. The federal government structure and highly corrupt bureaucrats, together with those politicians who are eager for power to seek money... These characteristics have led to the uncertainty of growth. As the British mentioned before leaving the country, Indians will continue to be busy solving their own domestic conflicts, rather than thinking big. This situation has always existed, and the whole world knows it.

说到印度，这里有大量的人才，但大多数人存在严重的消极心态、懒惰态度和不专业的特质。联邦政府结构以及高度腐败的官僚，再加上那些渴望权力以谋取钱财的政客……这些特质导致了增长的不确定性，正如英国人在离开这个国家之前所提到的——印度人将继续忙于解决他们自己的国内争斗，而不是有远大的思考。这种情况一直存在，全世界都知道这一点。

I hope my answer will satisfy you.

希望我的回答能令你满意。

张晨曦

You said that the United States always revolves around China to cause trouble, but it is not so tight on India. Actually, there are quite a few reasons behind this.

你说这美国啊老围着中国搞事儿，对印度倒是没那么紧逼。其实啊，这里面原因挺多的。

Let's first look at the economy. The development of the Chinese economy is so rapid that it has become an important force in the world economy in just a few decades. The manufacturing industry is highly competitive, capable of producing anything with good quality and affordable prices, squeezing some traditional manufacturing industries in the United States.

咱先看经济这块儿。中国经济发展那叫一个猛啊，短短几十年，就成了世界经济的重要力量。制造业那是杠杠的，啥东西都能造，还质量不错价格实惠，把美国一些传统制造业都挤得够呛。

And China is constantly rushing towards high-tech industries, such as 5G and new energy, with particularly good development momentum, which puts pressure on American high-tech companies and makes them feel that their advantageous position is not guaranteed. The Indian economy is also developing, but it is mainly in the service industry and has a relatively weak manufacturing foundation. Its direct impact on the US economy is not as significant, so the US is not in such a hurry to deal with it.

而且中国还在不断往高科技产业冲，像5G啊、新能源啊这些领域，发展势头特别好，这可让美国那些高科技企业有压力了，感觉自己的优势地位不保啊。印度经济呢，也在发展，可它主要是服务业啥的，制造业基础相对薄弱，对美国经济的直接冲击没那么大，美国也就没那么着急对付它。

In terms of technology as well. China has invested heavily in technology in recent years and has achieved many results. For example, in the field of aerospace, our country's rockets and satellites are constantly launched into space, and space stations are built with models and designs. And the 5G technology, which is significantly ahead, makes the United States feel that its dominant position in the field of communication is threatened. Artificial intelligence has also developed well, with many innovative companies emerging. Although India's technology also has its highlights, its overall scale and influence cannot compare to China's, which does not make the United States feel that there is such a big threat.

科技方面也是。中国这些年科技投入可大了，成果也多。比如说航天领域，咱国家的火箭卫星不断上天，空间站都建得有模有样。还有那5G技术，领先不少，让美国觉得自己在通信这块的主导权受到威胁了。人工智能也发展得不错，好多创新企业冒出来。印度科技虽说也有亮点，但整体规模和影响力比不上中国，没让美国觉得有那么大威胁。

Militarily, the modernization of the Chinese military has made rapid progress. The navy ships are like dumplings, there are several aircraft carriers, and the air force's fighter jets are becoming increasingly advanced. China is very firm in safeguarding its territorial sovereignty and regional stability, which makes the United States feel that its military influence in the Asia Pacific region is being challenged. India also has military power, but many of its equipment is imported and its independent research and development capabilities are relatively weak. Its actions on the international military stage are not as significant, and its challenge to US military hegemony is not so direct.

军事上呢，中国军队现代化建设进展很快。海军舰艇像下饺子似的，航母都有好几艘了，空军的战机也越来越先进。中国在维护自己领土主权和地区稳定方面很坚定，这让美国觉得自己在亚太地区的军事影响力受到挑战了。印度军事力量也有，但它的装备很多靠进口，自主研发能力相对弱些，在国际军事舞台上的动作也没那么大，对美国军事霸权的挑战没那么直接。

Speaking of international influence. China has led many countries to develop together, and its voice in the international community is becoming increasingly influential. It also plays an important role in some international organizations. The United States is concerned that China's actions may alter the existing international order and not align with its interests. Although India is also active internationally, the growth rate and scope of its influence still cannot compare to China, and it has not made the United States so nervous.

再说说国际影响力。中国带着好多国家一起发展，在国际上说话越来越有分量，在一些国际组织里也发挥着重要作用。美国就担心中国这样会改变现有的国际秩序，不符合它的利益。印度在国际上虽然也活跃，但影响力的增长速度和范围还是比不上中国，没让美国那么紧张。

Anyway, the United States targets whoever develops faster and may have an impact on its hegemonic position. China has developed well and gained strength in all aspects, but the United States feels threatened and keeps besieging China. India, at present, has not reached the point where the United States will make such a big move. However, the world situation is changing rapidly, so it's hard to say what will happen in the future.

反正啊，美国就是看谁发展得快，对它的霸权地位可能有影响，就针对谁。中国发展得好，各方面实力都强起来了，美国就觉得受到威胁了，所以就老围堵中国。印度嘛，目前还没到让美国这么大动干戈的程度。不过这世界局势变化快，以后咋样还不好说呢。