世界卫生组织(WHO)2023年的统计数据表明,全球至少有22亿人存在近视或远视问题。 [1]预计到2050年,近视将影响全球一半的人口。 [2]不同国家及地区之间的视力健康水平存在巨大差距,且差距仍在持续扩大,提升眼健康服务能力迫在眉睫。
由世界卫生组织发起的SPECS 2030倡议强调应当优先关注近视儿童的需求。该倡议旨在通过高质量和有效的宣传,提高公众意识,同时提升屈光不正相关诊疗服务水平,从而全面解决各类视力损伤问题。 [3]
中国的眼健康现状
尽管近视问题的高发已成为全球性的公众卫生挑战,但亚太地区的近视率增速尤其严峻。[4]在中国,超过半数儿童和青少年患有近视,而高中毕业生的近视比例超过80%。[5]
豪雅视力保护部中国区总裁李梦华女士谈到:“繁重的学习压力,电子屏幕使用时间的增加,缺乏户外锻炼,眼健康意识的不足等种种因素的叠加,使得近视已成为中国儿童和青少年的一大公共卫生问题。”
“Due to intensified studying pressure, increased digital screen time, insufficient outdoor exercise, and lack of eye care awareness, myopia has become a major public health problem among children and adolescents in China,” said Sally Li, managing director of Hoya Vision Care China.
及时应对近视问题对儿童的长期视力健康至关重要。如果不加以治疗,近视度数的持续增长可能导致高度近视,并引发长期并发症,如黄斑变性、视网膜脱落、青光眼等,甚至导致不可逆的失明。[6]
中国积极推进近视综合防控
虽然近视不可逆,但通过各级政府、教育部门与卫生部门的共同努力,近视可以得到预防和控制。更重要的是,科技的进步可以延缓甚至停止近视发展。[7]政府、行业领袖及相关方的共同行动可以一同保护儿童的视力健康。
“中国是目前世界上少有的,已经开始通过国家级战略应对近视流行的国家,”李梦华介绍道。“教育部、国家卫生健康委员会等八部门联合制订了《综合防控儿童青少年近视实施方案》。[8,9]方案强调了全社会都需要行动起来,同时界定了家长、学校、卫生部门、学生及八个政府部门各自应当承担的角色。”
“China is one of the few countries that has begun to address the myopia issue with a national-level strategy,” Li said. “Led by the Ministry of Education, eight ministries and commissions issued an implementation plan for the control of myopia among children and adolescents. The plan emphasized collective action across society and defined roles for parents, schools, the health sector, students and the eight government departments.”
为了鼓励有利于视力健康的行为,中国强调应当确保学生的户外活动时间,同时推进了减少学生作业负担和校外培训负担的“双减”政策,这对于减缓近视的发生至关重要。[9]通过对儿童青少年视力健康问题的高度重视和不懈努力,中国的近视率已有所下降。国家卫生健康委员会的统计数据显示,2020年中国儿童青少年的近视率为52.7%,较2018年下降了0.9个百分点。[10]到2022年,中国儿童和青少年的总体近视率再次下降至51.9%。[11]种种数据表明,通过提升对近视问题的重视,以及合力推动有利于视力保护的行为,在缩小视力健康差距方面可以取得实质性进展。
新乐学——提升儿童视力健康水平
豪雅光学致力于提高对近视的认知,并通过技术创新改善儿童的视力健康。近视的发展在10岁以下儿童中十分迅速,因此及时干预至关重要。[12]及早诊断不仅可以进行视力矫正,还能通过制定相应的管理方案,为儿童的视力和眼健康保驾护航。[2]
豪雅光学在近视管理方面取得了突出成绩,豪雅新乐学镜片(MiYOSMART)运用了“多区正向光学离焦”(D.I.M.S.)技术,减缓近视进展和眼轴增长。豪雅光学也在持续新乐学相关的研究,以更好应对这个全球日益严重的问题。[13]
“近年来,豪雅在中国发展势头良好,这源于我们的坚定信心。”李梦华分享道, “我们期待通过引入创新的技术和视力保健解决方案推动中国视光行业的发展,减少近视对儿童的影响。豪雅愿意承担应尽的社会责任,与本地机构加强合作,在中国本土进行生产制造,并大力培养视光行业人才,从而为弥合视力保健水平的差距,并带来切实改变。”
“HOYA has been steadily expanding in China over recent years, driven by unwavering confidence,” Li said. “We are eager to contribute to the evolution of China's ophthalmology market by introducing innovative technologies and eye care solutions, thereby reducing myopia’s impact on children. Our corporate social responsibility initiatives in China focus on bridging the vision care gap and bringing about tangible change, collaborating with local organizations, engaging in local production and manufacturing and cultivating industry talents.”
世界近视眼大会首次在中国召开
2024年9月23日至28日,第十九届世界近视眼大会(IMC 2024)于湖南长沙、海南三亚两地隆重举办。全球近视领域专家齐聚一堂,交流最新学术成果与经验,探讨如何以创新打造一个可持续的、更健康的未来。豪雅光学也借此契机,携近视管理综合解决方案亮相,与全球顶尖专家学者共议近视管理最新理念及研究成果,进一步提高公众对近视的认识,通过切实行动减轻近视引发的危害。通过行业合作,社会各界可以携手解决近视问题,并鼓励每个个体采取积极措施以保护视力。
塑造视光行业新未来
在2024年全球健康峰会和世界近视眼大会等重要活动中,豪雅光学倡导全球行业同仁积极开展行动,推行早期筛查,以降低儿童罹患近视的风险。公司呼吁整个医疗保健系统行动起来,将近视提升为公共卫生优先关注的问题,同时推进教育和科普工作——让大众了解近视对儿童可能造成的影响,以及及时治疗的重要性。
每个孩子都值得获得更好的视力健康治疗。豪雅光学承诺将通过不断的创新和技术进步,提供卓越的视力改善方案,为广大儿童青少年的光明未来保驾护航。
引用文献
References:
[1].World Health Organization, Blindness and vision impairment, Available at https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blindness-and-visual-impairment (2023). Accessed: September 2024.
[2].Holden, B.A., et al., Global Prevalence of Myopia and High Myopia and Temporal Trends from 2000 through 2050. Ophthalmology. 2016;123:1036–42.
[3].World Health Organization, SPECS 2030, Available at https://www.who.int/initiatives/specs-2030 (2024). Accessed: September 2024.
[4].Tomiyama, E., Myopia: An epidemic of global proportions, Available at https://www.optometrytimes.com/view/myopia-an-epidemic-of-global-proportions (2023). Accessed: September 2024.
[5].China’s revealing struggle with childhood myopia, Available at https://www.economist.com/china/2024/06/20/chinas-revealing-struggle-with-childhood-myopia (2024). Accessed: September 2024.
[6].Williams, K. & Hammond, C., High myopia and its risks. Community Eye Health. 2019;32:5–6.
[7].Lam, C. S. Y., Tang, W. C. & Tse, D. Y.-Y., Defocus Incorporated Soft Contact (DISC) lens slows myopia progression in Hong Kong Chinese schoolchildren: a 2-year randomised clinical trial. Br J Ophthalmol. 2014;98:40–5.
[8].The State Council of The People's Republic of China, New scheme unveiled to protect children’s eyesight, Available at https://english.www.gov.cn/state_council/ministries/2018/08/31/content_281476283494658.htm (2018). Accessed: September 2024.
[9].The State Council of The People's Republic of China, Guidelines aim to reduce rate of childhood myopia, Available at https://english.www.gov.cn/news/202403/15/content_WS65f3ada7c6d0868f4e8e519d.html (2024). Accessed: September 2024.
[10].The State Council of the People's Republic of China, Myopia rate among Chinese children, teenagers falls by 0.9% points in 2 years, Available at https://english.www.gov.cn/statecouncil/ministries/202110/26/content_WS6177bf86c6d0df57f98e3d4e.html (2021). Accessed: September 2024.
[11].Global Times, Myopia rate among children and adolescents amounts to 51.9% in 2022: China’s National Disease Control and Prevention Administration, Available at https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202403/1308787.shtml (2024). Accessed: September 2024.
[12]. Tricard, D., et al., Progression of myopia in children and teenagers: a nationwide longitudinal study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2022;106:1104–9.
[13]. Lam, C.S.Y., et al., Long-term myopia control effect and safety in children wearing DIMS spectacle lenses for 6 years. Scientific Reports. 2023;13:5475.
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