PHP 网站存储代码优化指南
存储是网站性能的关键部分，合理的存储策略可以显著提升网站性能。以下是 PHP 网站中关于存储优化的代码示例和最佳实践。
1. 文件存储优化
1.1 文件上传处理
php
* 安全处理文件上传
function handleFileUpload(array $file, string $uploadDir = 'uploads'): ?array {
// 验证上传错误
if ($file['error'] !== UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
throw new RuntimeException('. $file['error']);
// 验证文件类型
$allowedTypes = ['image/jpeg', 'image/png', 'application/pdf'];
if (!in_array($file['type'], $allowedTypes)) {
throw new RuntimeException('不允许的文件类型');
// 验证文件大小 (例如限制为5MB)
$maxSize = 5 * 1024 * 1024;
if ($file['size'] > $maxSize) {
throw new RuntimeException('文件大小超过限制');
// 创建上传目录(如果不存在)
if (!file_exists($uploadDir)) {
mkdir($uploadDir, 0755, true);
// 生成安全文件名
$extension = pathinfo($file['name'], PATHINFO_EXTENSION);
$filename = bin2hex(random_bytes(16)) . '.' . $extension;
$destination = $uploadDir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $filename;
// 移动上传文件
if (!move_uploaded_file($file['tmp_name'], $destination)) {
throw new RuntimeException('无法移动上传文件');
return [
'path' => $destination,
'filename' => $filename,
'size' => $file['size'],
'mime_type' => $file['type']
// 使用示例
try {
$uploadedFile = handleFileUpload($_FILES['userfile']);
echo "文件上传成功: " . $uploadedFile['filename'];
} catch (RuntimeException $e) {
echo "错误: " . $e->getMessage();
1.2 文件缓存实现
* 简单的文件缓存系统
class FileCache {
private string $cacheDir;
private int $defaultTtl;
public function __construct(string $cacheDir = 'cache', int $defaultTtl = 3600) {
$this->cacheDir = rtrim($cacheDir, '/');
$this->defaultTtl = $defaultTtl;
if (!file_exists($this->cacheDir)) {
mkdir($this->cacheDir, 0755, true);
public function set(string $key, $value, int $ttl = null): bool {
$filename = $this->getCacheFile($key);
$expires = time() + ($ttl ?? $this->defaultTtl);
$data = [
'expires' => $expires,
'data' => $value
return (bool)file_put_contents($filename, serialize($data));
public function get(string $key) {
$filename = $this->getCacheFile($key);
if (!file_exists($filename)) {
return null;
$data = unserialize(file_get_contents($filename));
if ($data['expires'] < time()) {
$this->delete($key);
return null;
return $data['data'];
public function delete(string $key): bool {
$filename = $this->getCacheFile($key);
return file_exists($filename) ? unlink($filename) : false;
public function clear(): bool {
return $this->deleteFiles($this->cacheDir);
private function getCacheFile(string $key): string {
return $this->cacheDir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . md5($key) . '.cache';
private function deleteFiles(string $dir): bool {
$files = array_diff(scandir($dir), ['.', '..']);
foreach ($files as $file) {
$path = $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file;
if (is_dir($path)) {
$this->deleteFiles($path);
} else {
unlink($path);
return rmdir($dir);
// 使用示例
$cache = new FileCache();
$cache->set('popular_products', ['prod1', 'prod2', 'prod3'], 1800);
$products = $cache->get('popular_products');
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