日前，教育部发布《普通高等学校本科专业目录（2026年）》，共新增38种普通高校本科新专业。本次获批申办高校可纳入2026年高考招生。
The Ministry of Education has recently introduced 38 new undergraduate majors that will be available for recruitment through the 2026 national college entrance exam, or gaokao, expanding opportunities for students to pursue cutting-edge fields.
据悉，为精准对接国家战略需求，教育部今年将增设能源科学与工程（energy science and engineering） 、深地科学与工程（deep-earth science and engineering）等专业；为服务传统产业优化升级，将增设交通能源融合工程（transportation and energy integration engineering）、农业机器人（agricultural robotics）等专业；为推动新兴产业和未来产业创新发展，将增设生物制造（biomanufacturing）、脑机科学与技术（brain-computer science and technology）等专业；立足服务业扩能提质，将增设数字文旅（digital culture and tourism）、商业人工智能（commercial artificial intelligence）等专业；聚焦打造智能经济新形态，将增设数字贸易（digital trade）、数字金融（digital finance）等专业。
同时，进一步完善战略急需专业超常设置机制，支持哈尔滨工业大学、北京航空航天大学等9所高校增设具身智能新专业，推动新一代人工智能与实体经济深度融合，赋能经济社会高质量发展。
The ministry also added embodied intelligence as a new major, with nine top universities — including Harbin Institute of Technology in Heilongjiang province and Beihang University — authorized to offer it. The program aims to integrate next-generation artificial intelligence with the real economy.
2026年4月28日，河北秦皇岛，海港经济开发区小岛空间智能机器人产业基地内，工作人员正在进行机器人数据采集训练。图源：VCG
为更好适应新兴交叉学科发展和复合型人才培养需求，2026年本科专业目录在“交叉学科”门类中首批列入未来机器人、交叉工程等11种目录内已有专业和具身智能、脑机科学与技术等4种首次列入目录的新专业。目前，本科专业目录共涵盖13个门类、92个专业类、883种专业。
据统计，“十四五”期间，全国高校新增本科专业布点1.02万个、撤销或停招1.22万个，专业调整幅度持续增大，累计调整比例超30%，今年全国高校专业调整比例首次突破10%。
During the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021-25), Chinese universities added 10,200 undergraduate program offerings while cutting or suspending 12,200. The annual adjustment rate exceeded 10 percent for the first time this year.
哈尔滨工业大学原副校长、空天学院院长沈毅表示，为服务国家战略、技术进步和产业需求，学校将新设立“具身智能”本科专业。
据沈毅介绍，该专业“将人工智能从数字世界带入物理世界”。他指出：“具身智能不仅指人形机器人，而是让机器能够在真实环境中感知、交互、决策并执行行动。”
Shen Yi, former vice-president of Harbin Institute of Technology and dean of the School of Aerospace Innovation, said the university is launching a new undergraduate major in embodied intelligence to meet national strategies, technological progress and industrial demand.
"The major moves artificial intelligence from the digital world to the physical world," Shen said. "Embodied intelligence is not just about humanoid robots — it is about enabling machines to perceive, interact with, decide and act in real-world environments."
他表示，该专业将培养学生面向智能制造、医疗健康、航空航天、能源等领域开展工作。“毕业生将具身智能与特定领域相结合——例如具身智能+航空航天，或具身智能+能源——成为社会急需的复合型人才。”
沈毅强调，该专业注重项目式学习和主动学习。“学生将通过动手实践来学习，而不仅仅是记笔记。”首批预计招生约50至60人，将于今年9月入学。”
“就像几十年前的自动化或计算机科学一样，具身智能将成为各行各业的底层工具。”沈毅说，“掌握它的人将在各自领域推动进步。”
"Like automation or computer science decades ago, embodied intelligence will become a foundational tool across all sectors," Shen said. "Those who master it will drive progress in their fields."
天津大学副校长明东介绍，全国首个直接面向本科招生的脑机接口专业——“脑机科学与技术”本科专业正式获批，纳入交叉学科门类，与学校“脑机接口”一级交叉学科博士点相衔接。
Ming Dong, vice-president of Tianjin University, said the newly approved undergraduate major in brain-computer science and technology aligns with the university's first-level interdisciplinary doctoral program in the field, enabling it to establish a comprehensive bachelor's-master's-doctoral training system for brain-computer interface talent.
2026年4月14日，中国制造“十四五”成就展在北京举行，图为脑机接口技术展台。图源：VCG
明东表示，脑机接口作为国家“十五五”规划重点培育的未来产业，应用潜力巨大。面向脑机接口未来产业发展与国家战略急需，天津大学创新开设的脑机科学与技术专业旨在培养能引领智能人机交互发展的高素质领军人才。
目前，天津大学已构建本硕博完备的培养体系。学生从大一起系统掌握“器件-芯片-算法-系统-应用”全链条技术，通过核心课程如“脑语者”专项研究计划以及个性化选修，锤炼解决复杂工程问题的能力。
Under the system, students will systematically master the full technology chain of brain-computer interfaces — from devices and chips to algorithms, systems and applications — beginning in their first year. Core courses include the "brain talker" research program, along with a wide range of electives, enabling students to build a solid theoretical foundation and develop practical skills to solve complex engineering problems.
记者：邹硕
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