"趴下、躲好、抓牢"是总原则，但你不会永远都在有桌子的房间里。换个场所，正确做法就不一样。 这一篇按场景拆开讲。

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家里 / 高层公寓

就近躲到结实的桌子下，抓住桌腿，护住头颈。 远离窗户、玻璃隔断、大衣柜和悬挂物。

高层住户要特别记住：不要冲向楼梯，绝对不要坐电梯。 楼越高晃得越厉害，晃动中奔跑几乎必然摔倒，而电梯可能断电停运把你困住。在原地躲好，等晃动停止再有序下楼。 如果晃动中恰好在门边，躲开会摆动夹人的门扇。

学校 / 教室

钻到课桌下，抓牢桌腿，用书包或手臂护头。 听从老师口令，不要自己乱跑、不要争先挤向门口——挤压和踩踏的伤害往往超过地震本身。晃动停止后，再在老师带领下抱头、按顺序疏散。

商场 / 影院 / 车站等人多的地方

最大的风险不是地震,是人群踩踏。

不要盲目跟着人流冲向出口。 就近躲到坚固的柜台、立柱旁边，蹲下护头,避开玻璃橱窗、货架、吊灯和高处堆放的商品。等晃动过去、人流稍稳，再听从广播和工作人员引导撤离。电影院里就地蹲到座椅前排之间，护住头。

开车时

减速、打灯、靠边停车，停在开阔地带，避开桥梁、隧道、立交、高楼和电线杆。停好后留在车里，系着安全带，等晃动结束——车壳能挡住部分坠落物。不要在晃动中急刹或猛打方向,周围的车可能失控。

在户外

往空旷处移动，远离建筑外墙、玻璃幕墙、广告牌、围墙、电线和大树。

  • 在海边：感到强烈震动，或看到海水异常快速退去，立刻向高处或内陆跑，不等警报——可能是海啸前兆。
  • 在山区：远离陡坡、崖壁和沟谷，警惕滚石和滑坡，尽快转移到开阔平地。

特殊人群

卧床的老人或病人、行动不便者：不必强行起身逃跑。就地用枕头、被子护住头颈，等待救援往往比慌乱移动更安全。照护者应事先把这类家人的床安排在远离窗户和高柜的位置。

婴幼儿：大人用身体和手臂护住孩子头部,一起躲到桌下,而不是抱着孩子奔跑。

一条贯穿所有场景的原则

几乎所有场景的错误做法都是同一个：在剧烈晃动中奔跑、外逃、挤门口。

而正确做法也是同一个内核：先就地护住头、稳住身体，等晃动停止（通常只有几十秒），再有序撤离。 地震本身伤人有限，慌乱中的摔倒、踩踏和坠物,才是更常见的伤害来源。

结语

记不住这么多细节没关系，记住两句话就够用：

晃动时——就近躲、护住头、别乱跑。
停下后——走楼梯、不坐电梯、听指挥。

其余的，交给平时那一两次演练形成的肌肉记忆。真到那几十秒，能救你的往往不是知识，而是身体的反应

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