在油气地质勘探领域，传统含油气系统理论难以适配常规-非常规油气协同勘探的发展需求。全油气系统（Whole Petroleum System，WPS）理论以“源-储耦合、有序聚集”为核心内核构建了一套突破传统含油气系统理论框架的创新体系。该理论首次将常规油气、致密油气与页岩油气纳入统一地质动力学系统，揭示了从烃源岩生烃到多类型油气藏形成的全时序演化规律。
在全油气系统理论指导下，准噶尔盆地二叠系、松辽盆地白垩系、渤海湾盆地古近系等领域的油气勘探取得了显著的应用成效。本期，我们精选发表于《石油学报》的5 篇双语文章，覆盖全油气系统理论基础研究、成藏机理、典型盆地勘探实践等。期待这组文章能为大家理解这一前沿理论、把握油气勘探新方向提供参考。
全油气系统理论研究进展
Research progress in the Whole Petroleum System theory
【摘要】全油气系统理论自提出以来受到了石油工业界和学术界的广泛关注，是当前石油天然气地质学的前沿研究领域。全油气系统理论不仅涵盖了传统油气系统概念，还扩展到非常规油气的地质规律与资源开发，是含油气系统理论的发展。对全油气系统理论的基本原理进行了阐释，并总结了全油气系统理论在发展过程中的研究进展，包括：(1)准噶尔盆地二叠系全油气系统的研究进展与勘探实践；(2)常规油气—非常规油气序列分布规律中的差异富集现象与“源-储耦合”控制下的成藏富集机理；(3)全油气系统中的油气运移形式；(4)发育多套烃源岩的沉积盆地的全油气系统分析；(5)基于全油气系统理论的新一代盆地模拟技术及成因法油气资源评价方法的研发。
【Abstract】The research of Whole Petroleum System (WPS) theory, emerging as a frontier field in the petroleum and natural gas geology at present, has attracted extensive attention from both the petroleum industry and academic community since its proposal. Expanding beyond the traditional concepts of petroleum systems, the research of WPS theory involves the geological regularities and resource development of unconventional oil and gas, representing an evolution and development of the petroleum system theory. This paper elucidates the fundamental principles of WPS theory, and summarizes the research progress during its development, including: (1) research advances and exploration practices of the Permian WPS in Junggar Basin; (2) the differential enrichment in the sequential distribution pattern of conventional and unconventional oil and gas, as well as the hydrocarbon accumulation and enrichment mechanism controlled by “source-reservoir coupling”; (3) hydrocarbon migration models in WPS; (4) analysis of WPS in sedimentary basins with the development of multiple sets of source rocks; (5) research and development of the new-generation basin modeling technology and genesis-based hydrocarbon resource appraisal methods on the basis of WPS theory.
DOI：10.7623/syxb202507001
全油气系统要素-演化-分布的“六图一表”表征方法——以松辽盆地齐家—古龙凹陷青山口组全油气系统为例
“Six-map-and-one-table” characterization method of the Whole Petroleum System based on the element-evolution-distribution integrated concept: a case study of the Whole Petroleum System of Qingshankou Formation in Qijia-Gulong sag of Songliao Basin
【摘要】尽管全油气系统理论已受到广泛关注，但目前仍缺乏有效的评价表征体系。以“要素-演化-分布”为核心研究思路，构建了全油气系统的研究框架，并以松辽盆地齐家—古龙凹陷青山口组全油气系统为研究对象，系统揭示了其演化过程与分布规律，创建了“六图一表”(静态要素综合柱状图、埋藏史图、成藏事件图、重点层系油气有序分布图、剖面分布图、平面分布图和油气汇总表)表征体系。取得的主要成果包括：(1)系统提出“要素-演化-分布”一体化研究思路，以齐家—古龙凹陷青山口组为典型实例，建立了适用于陆相盆地的全油气系统研究框架，为同类地质背景下的全油气系统研究提供了范式。(2)阐明了青山口组全油气系统内部常规—非常规油藏动态演化过程，明确了青山口组烃源岩在嫩江组沉积末期进入排烃高峰阶段，此时储层尚未致密，常规油率先成藏；在嫩江组沉积末期—明水组沉积末期，源-储协同演化，储层逐渐致密化并捕获高成熟度原油形成致密油藏；页岩油滞留关键期在嫩江组沉积期—古近纪早期。(3)从层系内部分布与系统整体分布2个层次揭示了齐家—古龙凹陷青山口组全油气系统的空间分布特征，在青山口组内部，从湖盆中心向边缘依次发育页岩油藏、致密油藏和常规油藏，呈现出有序分布的格局。(4)首次构建了“六图一表”表征体系，从地质要素组合、地质演化过程、成藏时空耦合和空间分布特征等多维度实现了对全油气系统的全面刻画。该研究深化发展了全油气系统理论，为陆相盆地的油气勘探提供了理论与技术支撑。
【Abstract】Although the Whole Petroleum System theory has gained substantial attention, an effective evaluation and characterization framework is still lacking. Following the core concept of “element-evolution-distribution”, a research framework for the Whole Petroleum System was established. Taking the Whole Petroleum System of Qingshankou Formation in Qijia-Gulong sag of Songliao Basin as the study case, this paper systematically elucidates its evolutionary processes and distribution patterns, and develops a characterization system comprising six maps and one table, i.e., comprehensive static element map, burial history map, hydrocarbon accumulation event map, hydrocarbon ordered distribution map for key strata, profile distribution map, planar distribution map, and hydrocarbon summary table. The main findings are as follows. (1) The “element-evolution-distribution” integrated research concept was systematically proposed. Taking the Qingshankou Formation in Qijia-Gulong sag as a representative case, a Whole Petroleum System research framework suitable for continental basins was established, which provides a paradigm for studying the Whole Petroleum System in comparable geological settings. (2) The dynamic evolutionary process of conventional and unconventional reservoirs in the Whole Petroleum System of Qingshankou Formation was clarified. It was identified that at the end of Nenjiang Formation deposition, the source rocks of Qingshankou Formation entered the peak hydrocarbon-expulsion stage while the reservoirs had not yet undergone compaction, allowing conventional oil to accumulate first. From the end of Nenjiang Formation deposition to the end of Mingshui Formation deposition, source-reservoir systems evolved synergistically. The reservoirs were progressively tightened and trapped high-maturity oils, thus forming tight oil reservoirs. The key retention period for shale oil was from Nenjiang Formation deposition stage to the Early Paleogene. (3) The spatial distribution of the Whole Petroleum System of Qingshankou Formation in Qijia-Gulong sag was described at two hierarchical levels, i.e., the internal stratigraphic distribution and the overall system-wide distribution. In Qingshankou Formation, shale oil, tight oil, and conventional oil reservoirs develop successively from the basin center toward the margins, exhibiting an orderly spatial pattern. (4) The “six-map-and-one-table” characterization system was established for the first time, enabling a comprehensive depiction of the Whole Petroleum System across multiple dimensions, including geological element assemblages, geological evolutionary processes, temporal-spatial coupling of hydrocarbon accumulation, and spatial distribution characteristics. This study advances and refines the Whole Petroleum System theory and provides theoretical and technical support for hydrocarbon exploration in continental basins.
DOI：10.7623/syxb202512002
全油气系统理论指导下的北疆地区油气勘探实践
Oil and gas exploration practice in northern Xinjiang area under the guidance of the Whole Petroleum System theory
【摘要】全油气系统理论突破了传统的勘探理论框架，以“源-储耦合、有序聚集”为核心内涵，有效指导了中国北疆地区常规与非常规油气的协同勘探实践。北疆地区发育侏罗系、二叠系、石炭系—泥盆系3套富有机质烃源岩，总资源量达250×108t油当量。在全油气系统理论指导下，准噶尔盆地、吐哈盆地和三塘湖盆地实现了多层系立体勘探重大突破：准噶尔盆地相继发现玛湖凹陷风城组页岩油、吉木萨尔凹陷致密油-页岩油等亿吨级储量区；准噶尔盆地石钱滩凹陷石炭系海相残留地层、吐哈盆地台北凹陷侏罗系煤系以及三塘湖盆地条湖凹陷—马朗凹陷二叠系的勘探成果系统揭示了多类型油气藏的有序分布规律，成功实现了常规与非常规油气藏的协同开发。研究表明，北疆地区的油气成藏具有明显的空间分带特征，呈现源内页岩油气、斜坡区差异饱和度致密油气、盆地边缘常规油气的完整分布序列。其成藏机制涵盖浮力驱动、自封闭作用以及源-储压差等多重动力系统，充分体现了全油气系统的动态演化特征。未来的研究需聚焦源内非常规油气资源开发，突破纳米级储层改造关键技术，深化“成烃—成储—成藏”全过程的动态机理研究，构建完善的全油气系统综合评价技术体系。北疆地区的勘探实践不仅验证了全油气系统理论的科学性与实用性，更为复杂含油气盆地勘探提供了创新范式，对保障国家能源安全具有战略意义。
【Abstract】The Whole Petroleum System (WPS) theory has broken through the traditional exploration theoretical framework, with “source-reservoir coupling and orderly accumulation” as its core concept. This theory has proven effective in guiding the coordinated exploration and development of both conventional and unconventional oil and gas resources in northern Xinjiang area of China. In this region, there are three sets of organic-rich source rocks, i.e., the Jurassic, Permian, and Carboniferous-Devonian source rocks, with a total resource of 25 billion tons oil equivalent. Under the guidance of this theory, major breakthroughs have been made in three-dimensional multi-layer exploration across Junggar Basin, Tuha Basin, and Santanghu Basin. Successive reserve discoveries of shale oil in Fengcheng Formation of Mahu sag and tight oil in Jimusaer sag have been achieved over 100 million tons in Junggar Basin. Hydrocarbon exploration in the Shiqiantan sag of Junggar Basin (Carboniferous marine residual strata), Taibei sag of Tuha Basin (Jurassic coal strata), and Tiaohu-Malang sags of Santanghu Basin (Permian strata) has systematically revealed the distribution patterns of various types of oil and gas reservoirs. These findings have enabled the successful, coordinated development of both conventional and unconventional resources. Research has shown that the oil and gas accumulation in northern Xinjiang area exhibits distinct spatial zoning patterns, forming a complete distribution sequence: in-source shale oil-gas in the center, tight oil-gas with variable saturations in the slope zones, and conventional reservoirs along the basin margins. The accumulation mechanism involves multiple dynamic processes, such as buoyancy-driven migration, self-containment effects, and pressure differentials between source and reservoir, demonstrating the dynamic evolution of WPS. Future research should focus on the development of unconventional in-source resources, achieve breakthroughs in key technologies for nano-scale reservoir stimulation, advance the study of dynamic mechanisms governing the whole process from hydrocarbon generation to reservoir formation and accumulation, and establish a comprehensive evaluation technology system for WPS. Exploration practices in northern Xinjiang area have demonstrated both the scientific validity and practical value of the WPS theory, while also offering an innovative paradigm for exploring geologically complex petroliferous basins, which is of strategic significance to national energy security.
DOI：10.7623/syxb202507002
准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷全油气系统源-储配置与油气聚集时空耦合
Spatiotemporal coupling between source-reservoir configurations and hydrocarbon accumulation in the Whole Petroleum System of Mahu sag, Junggar Basin
【摘要】准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷发育典型全油气系统，常规与非常规油气藏有序分布，对石油地质学理论发展具有重要研究意义。基于玛湖凹陷全油气系统成藏要素系统分析，总结了油气富集规律：碱湖烃源岩类型特殊全过程持续生烃、储层类型丰富全粒序发育、输导体系立体分布高效输导、油气藏类型丰富多样有序聚集等。源-储配置与时空耦合是形成全油气系统的核心要素。二叠纪末期以来，风城组烃源岩持续深埋并多期生/排烃，为油气成藏提供了充足的资源基础；砂砾岩至白云质粉砂岩、泥页岩的全粒序储层发育控制了常规—非常规油气藏的规律分布。玛湖凹陷全油气系统具有连续-有序充注特征，表现为远源常规油气藏早期成藏、源内非常规页岩油气藏晚期成藏的时序特征。研究揭示了全油气系统全过程成藏机制，明确了源内非常规油气是深层勘探的重要领域，对完善全油气系统理论及指导勘探实践具有重要价值。
【Abstract】Mahu sag in Junggar Basin develops a typical Whole Petroleum System (WPS), which exhibits the ordered distribution of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs. This has important implications for advancing the development of petroleum geology theories. Through systematic analysis of the petroleum accumulation elements in WPS, the paper summarizes the hydrocarbon enrichment patterns in the study area. Specifically, the WPS of Mahu sag is characterized by distinctive alkaline lacustrine source rocks with sustained hydrocarbon generation throughout the thermal evolution, diverse reservoir types developed across all grain-size sequence (from sandy conglomerates to dolomitic siltstones and argillaceous mudstones), three-dimensional distribution of hydrocarbon transport system enabling efficient oil and gas migration, and a diverse range of orderly accumulated hydrocarbon reservoirs. The source-reservoir configuration, along with their spatiotemporal coupling with hydrocarbon accumulation, forms the core of WPS. Since the end of the Permian period, the Fengcheng Formation source rocks have undergone continuous burial and multi-phase hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, thereby providing a sustained resource basis for hydrocarbon accumulation; the development of sandy conglomerate, dolomitic siltstone and argillaceous shale reservoirs across all grain-size sequence controls the ordered distribution of both conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs. The WPS of Mahu sag undergoes sustained and temporally sequenced hydrocarbon charging, demonstrated by early-stage accumulation in conventional far-source reservoirs while later-stage accumulation in unconventional intra-source shale oil and gas reservoirs. The study reveals the whole-process accumulation mechanism of WPS and highlights unconventional intra-source resources as a key frontier for deep exploration. These findings are valuable for refining WPS theory and guiding future exploration practice.
DOI：10.7623/syxb202507003
渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷保定凹陷—饶阳凹陷全油气系统特征与成藏模式
Characteristics and accumulation model of the Whole Petroleum System in Baoding-Raoyang sags, Jizhong depression, Bohai Bay Basin
【摘要】为了对渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷保定凹陷和饶阳凹陷的勘探方向提供理论指导，以全油气系统理论为指导，结合研究区的油气地质特征对保定凹陷和饶阳凹陷的油气资源类型和运移分布特征进行了分析。基于不同层系烃源岩的生、排烃模型，计算了各类油气的资源量，建立了不同层系的油气成藏模式。研究结果表明：保定凹陷沙河街组一段烃源岩的油气具有早生早排的特征，在镜质体反射率为0.35%和0.45%时分别达到生烃门限和排烃门限；保定凹陷和饶阳凹陷的全油气系统在纵向上既有各自的边界，又在高阳低凸起附近达到统一，高阳断层附近的油气藏是二者相互影响的结果；保定凹陷和饶阳凹陷不同层系烃源岩的总生烃量为73.94×108t,而页岩中的滞留烃量达48.67×108t,有巨大的勘探潜力；综合考虑全油气系统理论方法的划分结果，形成了保定凹陷渐新统东营组浅层“双源供烃、断层调整、浅层富集”的油气成藏模式、饶阳凹陷中深层“沿斜坡-断层运移、环洼陷分布、潜山局部富集”的油气成藏模式，以及保定凹陷—饶阳凹陷致密油气、页岩油气“近源运移、源内滞留”的成藏模式。
【Abstract】This study aims to provide theoretical guidance for the exploration direction in Baoding sag and Raoyang sag of Jizhong depression, Bohai Bay Basin. Specifically, the overall oil and gas resource types and migration distribution characteristics of both sags were analyzed based on the Whole Petroleum System theory in combination with regional hydrocarbon geological features. Through hydrocarbon generation-expulsion modelling of source rocks in different strata, the resource potential of various hydrocarbons was calculated, and the models of hydrocarbon accumulation in different formations were established. The results show as follows. (1) The source rocks of Member 1 of Shahejie Formation in Baoding sag are characterized by early hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, reaching the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion thresholds at vitrinite reflectance values of 0.35% and 0.45%, respectively. (2) The Whole Petroleum Systems in Baoding-Raoyang sags have their own vertical boundaries and converge near the Gaoyang low-uplift, which jointly contribute to the development of oil and gas reservoirs near the Gaoyang fault. (3) The total hydrocarbon yield from different source rocks of Baoding-Raoyangsags is 73.94 × 108 t, with the retained hydrocarbons of 48.67 × 108 t in shale, indicating huge exploration potential. (4) Comprehensively considering the Whole Petroleum System, the accumulation modes are divided as the shallow hydrocarbon accumulation model characterized by dual source hydrocarbon supply, fault adjustment, and shallow enrichment in Dongying Formation in Baoding sag, the middle and deep hydrocarbon enrichment mode characterized by migration along slopes and faults, distribution around subsags, and local enrichment in buried hills in Raoyang sag, and the oil and gas enrichment model characterized by near-source migration and intra-source accumulation in both tight and shale reservoirs.
DOI：10.7623/syxb202506006
期刊推荐
《石油学报》是由中国科学技术协会主管、中国石油学会主办的综合性高级学术刊物，创刊于1980年，是中国自然科学核心期刊之一，在中国石油学术界具有较高的权威性和较大的影响力。 近年来，《石油学报》注重报道中国石油和天然气领域具有原创性的基础研究及应用研究成果，反映重大课题研究的最新进展，推广新技术和新方法，促进国内外石油科技学术交流。
《石油学报》主要刊登内容包括：石油天然气地质及地球物理、油气田开发技术与工艺、石油与天然气钻井、海洋油气工程、油气储运、石油矿场机械设备等方面的学术论文。 读者对象主要是从事石油与天然气及其相关领域的中、高级科技工作者和高校师生。
《石油学报》已被美国《工程索引》（Ei Compendex）、《剑桥科学文摘》（CSA）、《石油文摘》（PA）、《化学文摘》（CA）、日本《科学技术文献数据库》（JST）、俄罗斯《文摘杂志》（AJ）、波兰《哥白尼索引》（IC）、荷兰Scopus等国内外20多种重要的数据库和检索系统收录。
中国知网“中文精品学术期刊外文版数字出版工程”（简称JTP）自2015年启动，已与400余种学术期刊合作出版了7万余篇双语对照论文，积累了丰富的学术翻译/英语加工/学术推广经验。形成了集双语出版、主题电子书出版、双语讲座视频制作、期刊英文内容编校加工、资讯编译、海外推广为一体的全方位服务体系，全面助力期刊提升国际影响力。感兴趣的朋友请联系
热门跟贴