Code of Ethics

Preamble

The National Education Association believes that the education profession consists of one education workforce serving the needs of all students and that the term ‘educator’ includes education support professionals.

The educator, believing in the worth and dignity of each human being, recognizes the supreme importance of the pursuit of truth, devotion to excellence, and the nurture of the democratic principles. Essential to these goals is the protection of freedom to learn and to teach and the guarantee of equal educational opportunity for all. The educator accepts the responsibility to adhere to the highest ethical standards.

The educator recognizes the magnitude of the responsibility inherent in the teaching process. The desire for the respect and confidence of one's colleagues, of students, of parents, and of the members of the community provides the incentive to attain and maintain the highest possible degree of ethical conduct. The Code of Ethics of the Education Profession indicates the aspiration of all educators and provides standards by which to judge conduct.

The remedies specified by the NEA and/or its affiliates for the violation of any provision of this Code shall be exclusive and no such provision shall be enforceable in any form other than the one specifically designated by the NEA or its affiliates.

PRINCIPLE I Commitment to the Student

The educator strives to help each student realize his or her potential as a worthy and effective member of society. The educator therefore works to stimulate the spirit of inquiry, the acquisition of knowledge and understanding, and the thoughtful formulation of worthy goals.

In fulfillment of the obligation to the student, the educator--

1. Shall not unreasonably restrain the student from independent action in the pursuit of learning.

2. Shall not unreasonably deny the student's access to varying points of view.

3. Shall not deliberately suppress or distort subject matter relevant to the student's progress.

4. Shall make reasonable effort to protect the student from conditions harmful to learning or to health and safety.

5. Shall not intentionally expose the student to embarrassment or disparagement.

6. Shall not on the basis of race, color, creed, sex, national origin, marital status, political or religious beliefs, family, social or cultural background, or sexual orientation, unfairly--

a. Exclude any student from participation in any program

b. Deny benefits to any student

c. Grant any advantage to any student

7. Shall not use professional relationships with students for private advantage.

8. Shall not disclose information about students obtained in the course of professional service unless disclosure serves a compelling professional purpose or is required by law.

PRINCIPLE II Commitment to the Profession

The education profession is vested by the public with a trust and responsibility requiring the highest ideals of professional service.

In the belief that the quality of the services of the education profession directly influences the nation and its citizens, the educator shall exert every effort to raise professional standards, to promote a climate that encourages the exercise of professional judgment, to achieve conditions that attract persons worthy of the trust to careers in education, and to assist in preventing the practice of the profession by unqualified persons.

In fulfillment of the obligation to the profession, the educator--

1. Shall not in an application for a professional position deliberately make a false statement or fail to disclose a material fact related to competency and qualifications.

2. Shall not misrepresent his/her professional qualifications.

3. Shall not assist any entry into the profession of a person known to be unqualified in respect to character, education, or other relevant attribute.

4. Shall not knowingly make a false statement concerning the qualifications of a candidate for a professional position.

5. Shall not assist a noneducator in the unauthorized practice of teaching.

6. Shall not disclose information about colleagues obtained in the course of professional service unless disclosure serves a compelling professional purpose or is required by law.

7. Shall not knowingly make false or malicious statements about a colleague.

8. Shall not accept any gratuity, gift, or favor that might impair or appear to influence professional decisions or action.

Adopted by the NEA 1975 Representative Assembly

中文版翻译

教育专业伦理典章

1975年为全美教育协会（NEA）代表大会所采纳

典章导言

因为相信每个人享有其价值和尊严，所以教师的第一天职即为求索真理，达至卓越，孕育民主。要达成这些目标，核心是确保学与教的自由，让每个人都享有平等的受教育权。为人师者的责任就是以最高的标准恪守这些伦理原则。

教师无不认为其责任蕴涵在教学过程之中。教师之所以要追求并维持高标准的道德行为，动机便是出于对同事、家长和社区的尊重和信赖。《教育专业伦理典章》既是全体教师的抱负，也为其行为提供了评判依据。

全美教育协会提出的具体条款及因为违反条款而应受于惩罚的补充规定具有全部法律效力。未经协会许可，不得擅自变更。

典章Ⅰ　对学生的义务

教师应努力帮助每一位学生，挖掘其潜力，实现其理想，成长为有价值的公民。因此，教师工作就是要激发他们的质疑精神，提高其理解和获取知识的能力，精心设计出有价值的目标。 对于学生，教师的义务是：

1. 不应毫无理由地限制学生的独立学习和探索；

2. 不能毫无理由地阻止学生获得不同的观点；

3. 不能蓄意歪曲或压制学科知识，影响学生的进步；

4. 保护学生的学习、健康和安全，免受不利因素的影响；

5. 不应故意羞辱或贬低学生；

6. 不应歧视学生，包括种族、肤色、宗教、性别、民族、婚姻、政治或宗教信仰、家庭、社会和文化背景等；

a) 不得阻止任何学生上课；

b) 不得剥夺任何学生的权益；

c) 为学生提供任何便利条件。

7. 不应利用专业关系之便，谋取私利；

8. 不应泄露学生的任何信息，除非这种公开，有充分的专业理由，或者为法律所许可。

典章Ⅱ　对教育专业的义务

公众普遍认为教育职业是值得信任的，具有高度的责任感，这就要求教师具备最高的专业服务理想。

公众认为，教育职业的服务质量直接影响着国家的发展和公民素质的提高。教师应该尽力提升专业标准，积极营造氛围，鼓励教师进行职业判断的训练，创造条件吸引值得信仰的人加入到教师队伍当中，力争将不合格的人阻挡在教育专业门外。

为了履行教育专业义务，教师：

1. 不应该在申请教师职位时故意作出虚假陈述或者故意隐藏与其能力和资格相关的事实；

2. 不应该谎报其职业资格；

3. 不应该帮助明知在性格、教育背景或者其他相关品质方面不适合教师的人进入教师队伍；

4. 不应该故意对教师职位的候选人资格发表错误评判；

5. 不应该帮助不合格教师从事未经授权的教学活动；

6. 不应该利用工作之便公开同事信息，除非是出于专业需求或者为法律所允许；

7. 不应该故意对同事发表错误的或者恶意的言论；

8. 不应该利用工作之便公开学生信息，除非是迫于专业需求或为法律所允许。