March 18, 2024
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本期作者：王瑜
2024年3月16日雅思大作文题目
Nowadays, not enough students choose science subjects in university in many countries. What are the reasons for this change? What are the effects on society?
如今，很多国家的年轻人在选择大学专业时，更少青睐科学相关专业。原因是什么?对社会有什么影响?
范文及解析
Introduction
According to the latest figures, opting forscience-orienteddomains as college majors has seen apronounceddrop in many societies, a growing trend thatupendsconventional STEM preference. Several factors, some of which are unique to the cotemporary era, make thisvertiginousfallperpetuate.
解析
本段译文(translation)：
根据最新数据，在许多社会，选择科学领域作为大学专业的人数明显下降，这一趋势正在颠覆传统的STEM偏好。有几个因素，其中一些是当前时代所独有的，使这种令人眩晕的下降持续下去。
不太常见的词汇(less common lexical items)：
❖ science-oriented科学相关的adj.
❖ pronounced 明显的adj.
❖ upend 颠覆v.
❖ vertiginous 令人眩晕的
❖ perpetuate 持续v.
Body 1
The first of these ismountinguncertainty. Having a degree in IT simply may not be aspringboarddirectly into career;freneticwork force expansion sincedotcom maniatwo decades ago has highlighted recent big job cuts at the tech industry, where behemoths like Google, Meta and Microsoft promised furthertrimmingof labors for more funds into artificial intelligence investment. The second culprit is economic and academic barrier.Monstrouslyhigh expenses required for overseas education has keptstraitenedwannabesat bay, while those wealthy wannabes may find themselves lack of access to learning resources in most cutting-edge domains, notablywafer fabrication,generative modellingandchipmaking. The third factor is a greater percentage of people going back to college, as senior employees are becoming more and moreagitatedto finish a less demanding major—typically non-scientific—due to the workplace's inflation of academic qualifications.
解析
本段译文(translation)：
首先是不断增加的不确定性。拥有IT学位可能并不是直接进入职场的跳板;自20年前的网络热潮以来，疯狂的劳动力扩张突显了科技行业最近的大规模裁员，谷歌(Google)、Meta和微软(Microsoft)等科技巨头承诺进一步裁员，以便将更多资金投入人工智能投资。第二个罪魁祸首是经济和学术障碍。海外教育所需的高昂费用让那些经济拮据的申请者望而却步，而那些富有的申请者可能会发现自己无法获得大多数尖端领域的学术资源，尤其是晶圆制造、生成模型和芯片制造。第三个因素是重返大学的比例越来越高，因为由于职场对学历的膨胀，高级员工越来越渴望完成一个要求不那么高的专业——通常是非科学专业。
不太常见的词汇(less common lexical items)：
❖ mounting 越来越多的
❖ springboard 跳板n.
❖ frenetic 疯狂的
❖ dotcom mania 网络热潮, 指1990年代末期至2000年代初期出现的互联网的兴起和发展
❖ trim 修减v. /裁员 trimming of labor
❖ monstrously 荒唐地/可怕地
❖ straitened 经济拮据的 adj.
❖ keep at bay 远离
❖ cutting-edge 前沿的adj.
❖ wafer fabrication 晶圆制造
❖ generative modelling 生成模型
❖ chipmaking芯片制造
❖ agitated 被鼓动的 adj.
Body 2
The result of all this is achokeholdover a country’s strength in science and technology.Unravellinganswers to mostexistentialchallenges, from outbreak of epidemic and shrinking biodiversity topoverty-inducedcrimes, could largely rely on intellectualmeritocracy, which is often found in decades-old universities and colleges. Without a sustainable pool of science-oriented labor, a lesssanguineprospect couldtake hold, considering acheckeredhistory ofunderprivilegednations without scientificprowess. Positively though, the low enrollment in systematic inquiry fields isindicativeof young people's shifting interests to other fields, such ashumanitarianismorliberal arts, which are closely related to public welfare.
解析
本段译文(translation)：
这一切的结果是扼制了一个国家的科技实力。从流行病的爆发和生物多样性的减少到贫困引发的犯罪，解开大多数存在主义挑战的答案，可能在很大程度上依赖于知识界的精英管理，而这种精英管理往往出现在有百年历史的大学和学院中。考虑到没有科学实力的贫困国家曲折的历史，如果没有可持续的以科学为导向的劳动力，前景可能会不那么乐观。但积极的一面是，系统探究领域的低入学率表明，年轻人的兴趣正在转向其他领域，如人道主义或人文学科，这些领域与公益事业密切相关。
不太常见的词汇(less common lexical items)：
❖ chokehold 掐脖子/扼制n.
❖ unravel 解开疑问
❖ existential 存在主义的
❖ poverty-induced 由贫穷导致的
❖ meritocracy 精英领导体制
❖ sanguine 乐观的
❖ take hold 开始呈现影响或效果
❖ checkered 曲折的adj.
❖ underprivileged 贫困的
❖ prowess 实力
❖ be indicative of 表明adj.
❖ humanitarianism 人道主义
❖ liberal arts 人文学科
Conclusion
In a nutshell, awaning pro-scienceenthusiasm for higher education has already have aprofoundimpact onlandscapeof technology and employment in many societies, and it is estimated that more gaps could bedrivenbetween countries.
解析
本段译文(translation)：
简而言之，对高等教育的亲科学热情的减弱已经对许多社会的技术和就业格局产生了深远的影响，据估计，国家之间可能会出现更大的差距。
不太常见的词汇(less common lexical items)：
❖ waning 减弱的
❖ pro-science 亲科学
❖ profound 深远的
❖ landscape 格局
❖ drive 激发v.
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