一天疲惫的打工结束,你前脚刚踏进家门,猫主子就立刻扑向你,一边用爪子拍你一边“喵喵”叫。你自动转译了猫语“铲屎的,我饿了”,开始准备猫粮。
你边打开罐头边寻思:为什么猫咪一见到人,就会“喵喵”叫个不停?
其实,刚出生就能发声的小猫,也会通过“喵喵”叫与猫妈妈进行交流,但长大成人后的猫咪,却很少对同类“喵喵”叫[1][2]。大多数时候,它们的沟通依赖于视觉、触觉和嗅觉信号[2]。
想和朋友聚会时,猫咪会留下尿液或粪便标记,告诉对方“我在这里”;当朋友出现时,猫咪就抬起尾巴向上,把耳朵向前转动,传达友好信号;打算进一步亲密时,它们还会邀请同伴帮助清洁自己的脸、脖子和耳朵[3]。
不过,“宝想要,宝得到”的“喵喵”技能,并不是所有猫都能拥有。鲜少与人类社会接触的野猫,“喵喵”叫的频率会随着它们长大逐渐减少[1][13]。而一直被你以养娃模式“供奉”着的猫主子,即使年纪大了有些健忘,却依然会对着你“喵喵”撒娇。
表面高冷的猫主子,其实一直在默默努力给你专属宠爱,你的有求必应,就是它们最大的动力。毕竟人类嘛,努力就是为了让猫过上美好生活。
参考文献:
[1] Bradshaw, J. W. (2016). Sociality in cats: A comparative review. Journal of veterinary behavior, 11, 113-124.
[2] Schötz, S. (2020). Phonetic Variation in Cat–Human Communication. Pets as Sentinels, Forecasters and Promoters of Human Health, 319-347.
[3] Crowell-Davis, S. L., Curtis, T. M., & Knowles, R. J. (2004). Social organization in the cat: a modern understanding. Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 6(1), 19-28.
[4] Bradshaw, J., Cameron-beaumont, C., 2000. The signalling repertoire of the domestic cat and its undomesticated relatives. In: Turner, D.C., Bateson, P.P.G. (Eds.),The Domestic Cat: The Biology of its Behaviour. Cambridge University Press,Cambridge, pp. 71–72.
[5] Yeon, S. C., Kim, Y. K., Park, S. J., Lee, S. S., Lee, S. Y., Suh, E. H., ... & Lee, H. J. (2011). Differences between vocalization evoked by social stimuli in feral cats and house cats. Behavioural processes, 87(2), 183-189.
[6] Barkow, J. H., Cosmides, L., & Tooby, J. (Eds.). (1992). The adapted mind: Evolutionary psychology and the generation of culture. Oxford University Press, USA.
[7] Nicastro, N. (2004). Perceptual and Acoustic Evidence for Species-Level Differences in Meow Vocalizations by Domestic Cats (Felis catus} and African Wild Cats (Felis silvestris lybica). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 118(3), 287.
[8] McComb, K., Taylor, A. M., Wilson, C., & Charlton, B. D. (2009). The cry embedded within the purr. Current Biology, 19(13), R507-R508.
[9] De Mouzon, C., Gonthier, M., & Leboucher, G. (2023). Discrimination of cat-directed speech from human-directed speech in a population of indoor companion cats (Felis catus). Animal cognition, 26(2), 611-619.
[10] Burnham, D., Francis, E., Vollmer-Conna, U., Kitamura, C., Averkiou, V., Olley, A., ... & Paterson, C. (1998). Are you my little pussy-cat? Acoustic, phonetic and affective qualities of infant-and pet-directed speech. In Fifth International Conference on Spoken Language Processing.
[11] Mertens, C. (1991). Human-cat interactions in the home setting. Anthrozoös, 4(4), 214-231.
[12] Merola, I., Lazzaroni, M., Marshall-Pescini, S., & Prato-Previde, E. (2015). Social referencing and cat–human communication. Animal cognition, 18, 639-648.
[13] Tavernier, C., Ahmed, S., Houpt, K. A., & Yeon, S. C. (2020). Feline vocal communication. Journal of veterinary science, 21(1).
[14] Hee Lee, J., & Humes, L. E. (2012). Effect of fundamental-frequency and sentence-onset differences on speech-identification performance of young and older adults in a competing-talker background. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 132(3), 1700-1717.
[15] Schötz, S., van de Weijer, J., & Eklund, R. (2019). Melody matters: An acoustic study of domestic cat meows in six contexts and four mental states.
热门跟贴