主要内容:
三种基于二噻吩酰亚胺(BTI)的新型有机小分子——BTI-MN-b4(1)、BTI-MN-b8(2)和BTI-MN-b16(3),它们各自拥有独特的烷基侧链,并被精心设计以用作锡基钙钛矿太阳能电池(TPSCs)中NiOx薄膜上的自组装单层(SAMs)。这些SAM分子在构建高质量的TPSC钙钛矿层中发挥着不可或缺的作用。
NYCU 刁维光(Eric Wei-Guang Diau)教授及其团队,通过密度泛函理论(DFT)计算,深入剖析了这些分子的结构特性。具体而言,三苯胺基团巧妙地连接在BTI核心的一侧,从而促进了电荷向钙钛矿层的有效传输;而氰基与噻吩单元则形成了共轭结构,连接在BTI核心的另一侧,作为锚定基团与NiOx/ITO表面紧密结合,形成了强烈的相互作用。此外,NiOx在改善ITO基底性能方面展现出了显著的效果,使得BTI-MN-b4(1)、BTI-MN-b8(2)和BTI-MN-b16(3)能够均匀且稳定地形成SAMs。尤为重要的是,刁维光教授团队成功解析了BTI-MN-b8(2)的单晶结构,这一重大发现不仅进一步验证了其设计思路的合理性,也为后续的性能测试奠定了坚实的理论基础。
在性能测试环节,刁维光教授团队将BTI-MN-b8(2)与NiOx结合应用于TPSCs,使其最大光电转换效率(PCE)高达8.6%。这一效率显著优于仅使用NiOx作为空穴传输材料(HTM)时的4.0%的PCE。更为令人振奋的是,采用NiOx/BTI-MN-b8配置的TPSC器件在历经3600小时的长期稳定性测试后,仍保持了约80%的初始效率。这一卓越的长期稳定性表现,无疑为TPSCs在实际应用中的可靠性提供了强有力的支撑。
为了全面而深入地评估这些SAM分子的性能,刁维光教授团队采用了多种表征手段,包括热分析、光学分析、电化学分析和形态分析等。这些表征手段不仅详尽地揭示了NiOx/SAM/钙钛矿薄膜的光电和光伏特性,还直观地展示了相应器件的卓越性能。特别值得一提的是,BTI-MN-b8(2)分子与NiOx的结合展现出了卓越的光电转换效率和长期稳定性。刁维光教授团队的研究成果不仅验证了其分子设计策略的卓越性,更为TPSC技术的未来发展带来了革命性的突破。这一研究不仅为采用两步法制备技术的TPSC技术发展开辟了新的方向,还为实现更高的性能和稳定性提供了切实可行的创新方法和思路,对TPSCs领域的实际应用和理论研究都具有重要意义。
Figure 1.Chemical structures of the (a) reported SAMs for Pb-PSCs and TPSCs; (b) BTI-based small molecule and polymers for OTFTs, OPVs, and PSCs; and (c) BTI-based SAM molecules1–3for TPSCs studied in this work.
Figure 2.(a) UV–vis absorption spectra; (b) DPV curves; and (c) DFT-derived energy levels and electrostatic surface potential (ESP) mapping ofBTI-MNcompounds.
Figure 3.Single crystal structure of compound2. (a) Top view ofBTI-MN-b8molecule with intramolecular interactions in a space-filling model; (b) top view ofBTI-MN-b8molecule with various twisted angles in stick model; (c, d) front views ofBTI-MN-b8molecule the space-filling and stick models, respectively; and (e) expected packing pattern of SAM on NiOx/ITO substrate (front view).
Figure 4.(a–d) Contact angle of SnI2precursor on NiOx and NiOx/SAM surfaces. (e–h) SEM, (i–l) AFM, and (m–p) XPS of tin perovskites made on NiOx and NiOx/SAM surfaces.
Figure 5.(a) XRD patterns of tin perovskites on NiOx with various SAMs, as specified; (b) PL decay profiles obtained using TCSPC; (c) SCLC measurements of tin perovskites on NiOx with the various indicated SAMs; (d)J–Vcharacteristic curves; (e) IPCE and (f) UV–vis absorption and PL spectroscopy of tin perovskites on NiOx with various SAMs, as specified; (g) EIS Nyquist plots for devices composed of tin perovskites deposited on NiOx with various SAMs, as specified; (h) energy-level diagram; and (i) long-term stability of devices containing NiOx with various SAMs, as specified. The highest-performing device, NiOx/BTI-MN-b8, achieved a PCE of 8.6%.
文献信息:
Bithiophene Imide-Based Self-Assembled Monolayers (SAMs) on NiOx for High-Performance Tin Perovskite Solar Cells Fabricated Using a Two-Step Approach
- Arulmozhi Velusamy,Chun-Hsiao Kuan,Tsung-Chun Lin,Yun-Sheng Shih,Cheng-Liang Liu,De-You Zeng,Yu-Gi Li,Yu-Hao Wang,Xianyuan Jiang,Ming,Chou Chen,Eric Wei-Guang Diau
- https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsami.4c15688
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