俄罗斯为什么能够收拾得了外蒙古地区和西伯利亚高原上的北方少数民族兄弟，而我们似乎有些差强人意呢？换句话说，相对于我们几千年来一直在防范北方强权，诸如当年的北方之匈奴，北方之突厥等；到后来蒙古族兄弟发威了，统治了半个地球，俄罗斯也成为了其治下的一部分。那么、为什么俄罗斯能够使我们北方的这些少数民族兄弟能够臣服到曾经的沙皇俄罗斯帝国？直到如今以俄罗斯联邦的名义纳于其统治之下而行之有效呢？而我们却在长达2000多年的历史上与北方的这些少数民族兄弟打来打去，纠缠不断而始终没有做到一种真正有效的管制呢（就连近代都失去了外蒙古地区）？或者说像俄罗斯这样把他们都给纳入到统一的版图而不生叛乱呢。
当然我们这里也要说一下，元清两个少数民族的大一统政权做得还是比较好的，把北方的这些少数民族兄弟都纳入政权给相对有效地统治了。但是纵观历史，能够在更长时间内，或者在一个较长时间的历史时间段内统治我们北方这些个少数民族和民族区域政权的时候，更多的则表现为羁縻管辖；诸如强大的汉唐也是如此。却没有像沙俄、苏俄、苏联和如今的俄罗斯这么有效。当然有人说了，这是和俄罗斯人的那种铁血和屠杀的血性手段有关，不可否认这方面的因素。还有人说近代沙皇俄罗斯利用现在的热兵器统治了冷兵器时代的少数民族地区，属于降维打击，这也能理解，但是最重要的是俄罗斯人做到了一点，即每占一地，就用占一地的“换血”或“换种”的方法，对该地区实行多方面的“改造”。
这种方法就是俄罗斯每向前推进一步，就“消化”一部分，他们一个惯用的方式是在当地建设他们的宗教性信仰的教堂，改变当地人的信仰。同时，建设改变当地文化背景的俄文学校。让当地人孩子都来上俄文学校，尤其是当地上层人士的子女，以此来拉拢他们，并役使他们；如果不服，就会惨遭血腥镇压和屠杀，伯力、海参崴、江东六十四屯等地如今已经没有中国人了，这就是一个例证。当然，这也能让当地人的子弟为日后能够进入俄罗斯高层作为基础和铺垫。同时，沙皇俄罗斯在向东部扩张的时候，重视交通建设，尤其是为了有效地统治和管制，俄罗斯修建了一条横跨欧亚的一个大铁路，叫西伯利亚大铁路，而这个铁路被称为（第一）欧亚大陆桥或称北线欧亚大陆桥。这条大铁路能有如此美誉，并不为过；使得俄罗斯能够在调动兵员的第一时间内有效地完成“出兵”，也能够有效地管理当地，发挥了积极和有效的作用，这是当时的我们所不能比拟的。必须说明的是这条大铁路的枕木之下埋藏着许多北方少数民族的血与泪、身与魂，甚至是累累白骨。
俄罗斯人就是这样，只相信拳头的力量：你不服，我就揍你，直到把你打服，再不服的话，直接干掉。北方少数民族在中原朝廷的威怀的“仁心”之下，各种讨价还价，似乎还能够蹦跶蹦跶，不服管教，有时候一副你奈我何的孬种样子。这是因为中原朝廷带着“恤人”的天命，用爱和恩给予其机会，而没有选择一味的嗜杀。而俄罗斯人就不一样了，等到了崇尚嗜血手段和强权霸道的俄罗斯人面前，北方少数民族一点便宜也讨不到，曾经的那些“娇气”和傲气被打得七零八碎了。这就像一个不听话的孩子那样，在自己的亲生爹娘面前，这也调皮，那也不是的，这也要，那也要，但是、面对着“外人”就会碰得头破血流了。“亲爹”的爱救不了，也管教不了，却被“继爹”的棍棒教训得服服帖帖的，最终这些个“逆子”都随了“继爹”的姓氏，乖乖地（也是被逼无奈的）跟着“继爹”走了；包括外蒙古地区的那个名义上的“独立者”，对我们这个“亲爹”至今仍然是各种的恨和抹黑，不认我们；却害怕被挨揍和因历史上棍棒的痛楚经历而对俄罗斯这个“继爹”各种跪舔和温顺。
当然，对于一个地区的有效控制，最终还得要靠“拳头”说了算的，即军事实力必须强大，且能够有效的驻扎威震（俄罗斯人虽然不太多，但西伯利亚大铁路的作用发挥了出来，能够有效地运兵）。俄罗斯在这方面的方式类似于我们历史上的军屯制度，这种制度很有效，亦兵、亦商、亦农，能够在有效的时间里在边疆地区扎根，当然也能够有效的管理边疆地区。不得不说俄罗斯人还是有自己的办法的，做得也不错。对比一下，如今的我们在陇海铁路延伸线上开启了兰新铁路。再到发展成如今的我们的连云港到西方国家荷兰鹿特丹港的此条大铁路，这条连接并贯通欧亚的大陆路位于西伯利亚大铁路的南部，也就是通常所说的第二欧亚大陆桥，或称南线欧亚大陆桥。这条大铁路和俄罗斯的西伯利亚大铁路（北线欧亚大陆桥）具有异曲同工之效，起到能够稳定和管理边疆，并能带来商贸的繁荣的多重作用。
（以下是英文版 The next is English edition）
The 17th Issue of "Global Refuel Station": Why Has Russia Been Able to "Manage" the Northern Ethnic Minorities So Well?
(Friday afternoon, January 2, 2026)
Why has Russia been able to bring under control the northern ethnic minority brothers in regions like Outer Mongolia and the Siberian Plateau, while we seem somewhat less effective in comparison? In other words, relative to our millennia-long efforts to guard against northern powers—such as the Xiongnu and Turks in ancient times, and later the Mongol brothers who rose to power and ruled half the world, with Russia becoming part of their domain—why has Russia been able to subjugate these northern ethnic minority brothers, first under the Tsarist Russian Empire and now effectively under the Russian Federation? Meanwhile, throughout over 2,000 years of history, we have been entangled in constant conflicts with these northern ethnic minority brothers without ever achieving truly effective governance (even losing Outer Mongolia in modern times). Or, how has Russia managed to incorporate them into a unified territory without rebellion?
Of course, we should note that the Yuan and Qing dynasties, both ruled by ethnic minorities, did relatively well in incorporating these northern ethnic minority brothers into their regimes and governing them effectively. However, looking at history, during periods when northern ethnic minorities and regional regimes were ruled over a longer or extended historical timeframe, governance often took the form of loose supervision (jimi), as seen even during powerful dynasties like the Han and Tang. It was never as effective as under Tsarist Russia, Soviet Russia, the Soviet Union, or modern Russia. Some argue that this is related to the iron-fisted and bloody methods of the Russians, which cannot be denied. Others point out that modern Tsarist Russia used advanced firearms to subjugate regions still in the cold weapon era, representing a form of dimensional suppression. While this is understandable, the most critical factor is that the Russians achieved one thing: for every territory they occupied, they implemented a "blood exchange" or "seed replacement" approach, carrying out multifaceted "transformation" of the region.
This method involved the Russians advancing step by step and "digesting" each part. A common practice was to build churches aligned with their religious beliefs in the local area to alter the faith of the inhabitants. Simultaneously, they established Russian-language schools to reshape the local cultural background. Children from the region, especially those of the local elite, were required to attend these schools. This served to win them over and exploit their labor. Resistance was met with brutal suppression and massacres, as evidenced by the absence of Chinese people in places like Khabarovsk, Vladivostok, and the Sixty-Four Villages East of the River today. This approach also laid the groundwork for local descendants to potentially enter the higher echelons of Russian society in the future. Additionally, during its eastward expansion, Tsarist Russia prioritized transportation infrastructure, particularly the construction of a railway spanning Europe and Asia—the Trans-Siberian Railway, also known as the First Eurasian Land Bridge or the Northern Eurasian Land Bridge. This railway, deserving of its reputation, enabled Russia to deploy troops efficiently and manage the region effectively, playing a proactive and crucial role that we could not match at the time. It must be noted that beneath the railway ties lie the blood, tears, bodies, souls, and even the countless remains of northern ethnic minorities.
This is how the Russians operate: they believe only in the power of the fist. If you don’t submit, they will beat you until you do. If you still resist, they will eliminate you outright. Under the "benevolent" and compassionate rule of Central Plains dynasties, northern ethnic minorities could often bargain and act defiantly, as if there was nothing that could be done to control them. This was because Central Plains dynasties adhered to a "heavenly mandate" of compassion, offering opportunities through kindness and favor rather than resorting to indiscriminate slaughter. The Russians, however, are different. When faced with the bloodthirsty methods and authoritarian might of the Russians, northern ethnic minorities could gain no advantage. Their former arrogance and pride were shattered into pieces. It is like a disobedient child who acts spoiled and demanding in front of their biological parents but meets a harsh reality when dealing with "outsiders." The love of the "biological father" could neither save nor discipline them, but the "stepfather’s" harsh methods tamed them completely. Eventually, these "rebellious children" took the "stepfather’s" surname and followed him obediently (albeit under duress). This includes the nominal "independence" of Outer Mongolia, which still harbors resentment and spreads negativity toward us, the "biological father," while groveling and showing obedience to Russia, the "stepfather," out of fear of punishment and the painful memories of past brutality.
Of course, effective control over a region ultimately depends on the "fist"—military strength must be powerful and capable of maintaining a deterrent presence (though Russians are not numerous in Siberia, the Trans-Siberian Railway plays a crucial role in efficiently transporting troops). Russia’s approach in this regard resembles the military garrison system in our history, which was highly effective. Soldiers also engaged in commerce and farming, allowing them to take root in frontier regions within a short time and effectively manage these areas. It must be said that the Russians have their own methods and have executed them well. By comparison, we have now extended the Longhai Railway to form the Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway, which has further developed into a major railway connecting Lianyungang in China to Rotterdam in the Netherlands. This railway, linking and traversing Eurasia, lies south of the Trans-Siberian Railway and is commonly known as the Second Eurasian Land Bridge or the Southern Eurasian Land Bridge. Like Russia’s Trans-Siberian Railway (Northern Eurasian Land Bridge), this railway serves multiple purposes: stabilizing and managing border regions while promoting commercial prosperity.
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