近期，兰州市公安局安宁分局成功侦破一起网络赌博案，民警赴广东、浙江、福建等地，打掉涉赌犯罪团伙5个，抓获犯罪嫌疑人44名，查实涉赌资金1.1亿余元，有力打击了网络赌博违法犯罪。为扩大战果、全面提升打击成效，目前该案已由公安部网安局发起全国性跨区域集群战役，参战各地公安机关共查获涉案盲盒超过100万个，查实涉案资金2.1亿元。
Police have recently warned the public about the dangers of buying mystery boxes online through so-called "prize-guessing contests", which may constitute the crime of gambling. A nationwide crackdown initiated by the Ministry of Public Security has led to the seizure of over 1 million mystery boxes since late April, with confirmed funds totaling 210 million yuan ($29 million), and the operation is ongoing.
网上销售暗藏玄机 不发盲盒却领奖金
2024年3月23日，兰州市公安局安宁分局网安民警开展网上巡查时，发现某网购平台有一本地商家，直播销售盲盒的方式十分“独特”，每次开售均按组销售，每组有16个盲盒，每个盲盒的定价至少在300元，而盲盒内装物品均为市价低廉的普通玩偶，但买家却是趋之若鹜、“一盒难求”。
In March, police from Lanzhou, Gansu province, discovered a local vendor selling mystery boxes in sets during a livestream on an online shopping platform through prize-guessing contests, with prices of the boxes exceeding 10 times the market value, ranging from 200 to over 400 yuan for each. The price discrepancy caught the attention of police and led them to investigate.
“经过调查，发现盲盒内的每个玩偶都有一个独立编号，在一组16个盲盒全部开启后，商家会示意买家前往指定的‘会员群’内参与抽奖，并提示获奖买家凭积分兑换奖金。”办案民警张勇介绍到。
可奖金到底如何兑换？民警决定实地前往该商家的直播间一探究竟。
在商家销售盲盒进行直播的地方，民警发现：大量已经售出并开启的盲盒，没有一个发货给买家，现场还存有30多箱共3000余个尚未开启的盲盒。在现场对直播间负责人孙某、高某二人进行讯问的过程中，二人表情慌张、语无伦次，民警便让其演示直播开奖和兑换奖金全过程。
In the contests, the items contained in the boxes were not important. Rather, the "buyers" were concerned with a particular group of "lucky numbers" written on the boxes. To "buy" the boxes, they clicked on links posted in the live-streams, entered the numbers they were predicting and placed their bets.
“嫌疑人先记录每组销售的16个盲盒玩偶的编号，作为开奖的基础编号，有时还在这16个编号里混入4到6个其他不同的编号，将这些编号打乱后，使用电子抽奖机器，依次抽取4个编号，按照抽中的顺序，列为一至四等奖，再根据奖项排序，分别赋予1200、800、600、400的积分，但实际上积分值就等同于要兑现的‘奖金’金额。嫌疑人从该组盲盒的营业额中，向对应中奖编号的买家兑现‘奖金’，通过固定微信群联系支付，剩余的营业额则作为‘净利润’装进了自己的腰包。”
Once customers finished betting on the boxes, each of which had one number written on it, the host revealed the "lucky numbers". He then opened the numbered boxes and arranged them in ascending order, similar to a lottery ticket. Those who correctly guessed the lucky numbers were then directed to join a WeChat group to "redeem points". Police found that each winning number had a "point" value. Customers who had selected all or some of the winning numbers would receive cash in exchange for "redeeming the points". Any remaining funds were retained as profit for the vendors.
两人在短短5个月时间内，销售盲盒的营业额就高达1000余万元。至此民警判定：孙某和高某刻意设置中奖规则，以小博大谋取利益，具有赌博性质，便将二人带至分局进行进一步侦查。
Their investigations found that a significant number of sold and opened boxes were never delivered to buyers, proving the theory that the items were not what the bettors were after. The investigations also revealed that the livestreams tended to attract the same participants each time, some of whom had been arrested for gambling in the past. Over a five-month period, the online platform generated over 10 million yuan in revenue.
抽奖背后另有隐情 深挖细查破解赌局
经审讯，孙某和高某于2023年10月在朋友处学会了这种盲盒“玩法”，为了牟取更大的收益，便“自立门户”，自行开店在网购平台和直播间“开盲盒、兑奖金”，而民警在网上巡查时发现的“玩法”则被称为“16出4”。
通过进一步分析孙某和高某的经营行为、销售流水、群聊记录，民警了解到，盲盒“开奖”形式多样，每个售价在300至500元不等，数量可大可小，由孙某和高某根据直播间参与的买家人数决定，最大规模的一次直播开奖共拆封399个盲盒、销售额近12万元、开出58个奖项，仅一等奖“奖金”就高达25000元。而在网上销售直播间和固定的微信群内，买家则用“上车、下单、上墙、回米”等暗语，分别代指“开始直播、确定盲盒、进入抽奖、返还奖金”等行为，来规避公安机关和直播平台的监管，但仍时不时出现“亏大了、赢麻了”等话术来吸粉引流。
“明着是盲盒销售，可实际上所有买家都心知肚明，目的不是盲盒里的玩偶，关注点在玩偶的编号，就像赌博中的筹码一样，为的是多轮参与抽奖、争获高额积分，从而兑换与积分数额等值的奖金，这种‘玩法’本身就具有极大的诱惑性和偶然性。”办案民警杨苗介绍，“孙某和高某除了向中奖买家按照积分值1:1兑现奖金，还向未能中奖的盲盒买家‘低价回收’，即每个未中奖盲盒给予50元进行补偿，巧妙利用‘赌徒心理’吸引和稳住买家。”
在充分了解此类涉嫌赌违法犯罪行为特点的基础上，安宁分局立足本地，起底类似的直播销售盲盒行为，梳理出13家网购平台商家以相同或类似“玩法”，向兰州市的买家销售盲盒、组织抽奖、兑现“奖金”。
Police soon uncovered 13 other online platform merchants selling mystery boxes to buyers in Lanzhou in a similar manner. They also noted that the suspects used coded language in online broadcasts and WeChat groups to evade oversight by public security authorities and livestreaming platforms, making it difficult for law enforcement departments to identify and address the crimes.
明晰思路扩线追踪 首战告捷赌资过亿
因案件情况复杂、资金链条庞大、涉及人员众多，安宁分局经逐级汇报后，抽调精兵强将成立专案组对案件开展全方位侦查。而专案组面临的第一个难题，就是本案的核心——赌博行为的认定及相关法律的适用。
该案中，涉案嫌疑人只说积分不谈钱、只提暗语不说赌，违法犯罪表象相对隐秘，且目前尚无该领域涉赌违法犯罪的详细司法解释和指导实践案例。
在公安部网安局、省公安厅相关部门的大力支持下，专案组多次与人民法院、检察机关会商研究，查找全国范围类似案例的法理剖析及司法适用，并邀请甘肃省法学会和甘肃政法大学专家教授，给予权威学术指导。最终认定：涉案商家积极构建“公开下注、概率玩法、筹码兑换”的赌博闭环，以盲盒玩偶为赌具，以积分形式关联下注金额，且明显“以小博大”；而买家明知内幕却依旧购买盲盒、参与抽奖，视同下注购买筹码进行赌博，涉案商家构成开设赌场罪，买家则构成赌博违法行为。
The police collaborated with the court, the procuratorate and legal experts to study the issue. Ultimately, they concluded that the sale of mystery boxes disguised as prize-guessing contests constituted a form of gambling, which is a crime on the Chinese mainland.
有了准确的法律定性，结合前期的侦查，专案组立即行动，组织200余名警力，分6个抓捕小组，前往多地进行抓捕。经审讯，犯罪嫌疑人如实供述了利用网购平台直播间开设赌场的犯罪事实，专案组首战告捷。
校准方向精确打击 集群战役多点开花
专案组没有止步于现有战果，而是持续在各网购平台直播间调查取证，对可疑行为进行观察取证，在短时间内筛查出110余家组织手法相似、赌博特征明显的网上商家，并第一时间推送公安部网安局和省公安厅开展研判分析。在此期间，专案组还积极开展涉案嫌疑人劝投工作，先后有多名嫌疑人投案自首，其中包括2名已经逃往国外的开设赌场主犯黄某和杨某。
“我们在侦办过程中打掉的这几个涉赌犯罪团伙都有一个共同的特征，就是组织严密、层级分明。”办案民警张勇介绍说，“每个团伙都是由主犯联络和控制数家网店，店主负责店铺运维、售卖盲盒，雇佣的主播则在主犯的授意下组织直播、现场开奖，当主犯确定了最终的中奖人员和奖金数额后，再指示财务人员根据中奖信息进行。简而言之就是‘庄家操盘掌控全局、商户搭台提供场所、主播销售诱导下注、财务人员后台兑奖’的四级管理运行模式，并且‘庄家’还根据赌局大小和赌资多少，为自己控制的网上商户和工作人员设立了‘考核办法’，并以此为据对非法获利进行分红，其中以犯罪嫌疑人黄某为首的犯罪团伙在短短半年内就获利3000余万元。”
Zhang Yong, an officer from the Lanzhou Municipal Public Security Bureau, said that casting bets by clicking links in livestreaming rooms to place bets was akin to using chips in a traditional casino. "The merchants are suspected of operating gambling venues, while the gamblers, who are these betting players, are suspected of engaging in illegal gambling activities," he said. Zhang urged mystery box enthusiasts and players to be cautious about engaging in such activities. He noted that it is essential to ensure transparency in the marketing of mystery boxes.
2024年4月23日，公安部网安局结合省、市、区三级公安机关在案件侦办过程中梳理发现的100余条线索，在全国20个省、自治区、直辖市发起网络赌博专案全国集群打击战役。全国各地承办线索的公安机关均对此类涉赌违法犯罪开展线索落地、打击查处，并纷纷向甘肃警方了解案件侦查思路和打处技巧战法。
截止目前，通过集群战役查扣的涉案盲盒已达上百万个，查实的涉案赌资金额已超过2.1亿元。
记者：杨泽坤
编辑：商桢
来源：甘肃公安 中国日报
热门跟贴