来源：市场资讯
（来源：清华大学气候变化研究院）
Letter Highlights
图｜COP31 候任主席穆拉特·库鲁姆（Murat Kurum）与 COP31 谈判主席克里斯·鲍恩（Chris Bowen）联合发布第二封主席来信
2026年5月20日，COP31 候任主席穆拉特·库鲁姆（Murat Kurum）与 COP31 谈判主席克里斯·鲍恩（Chris Bowen）联合发布第二封主席来信，进一步阐述了土耳其与澳大利亚围绕 COP31 的合作框架、重点谈判议题以及未来工作方向。信中指出，在全球气候风险持续加剧、能源安全与经济韧性挑战不断上升的背景下，COP31 将以“对话（Dialogue）、共识（Consensus）与行动（Action）”为核心原则，推动《巴黎协定》目标的加速落实。两位主席强调，COP31 将被打造为一届“落实型 COP（Implementation COP）”与“面向未来的 COP（COP of the Future）”，重点关注能源转型、电气化、循环经济、气候融资、适应与韧性建设等关键议题，并呼吁各缔约方在包容、透明与合作的基础上深化国际协作，共同推动更加快速、高效且可信的全球气候行动。信函全文（中英对照）如下：
We write to you as part of our committed collaborations as COP31 President-Designate, and President of Negotiations.
我们以 COP31 候任主席（President-Designate）与谈判主席（President of Negotiations）的身份，在双方坚定合作的基础上，向各方致信。
Our first joint letter outlines a shared vision and commitment to be inclusive and consultative as grounded in transparency, cooperation and meaningful engagement with all Parties, to ensure the success of COP31.
在我们的第一封联合来信中，我们阐述了共同愿景，并承诺将以透明、合作及有意义的各方参与为基础，坚持包容与协商的原则，以确保 COP31 取得成功。
Climate action is a strategic pathway to sustainable prosperity, economic resilience and long-term energy security. The growing investments in clean energy, resilient infrastructure and sustainable technologies demonstrate the global momentum. COP31 presents a vital opportunity to further accelerate this momentum, particularly in the areas of clean energy, electrification, and resilient infrastructure.
气候行动是通向可持续繁荣、经济韧性与长期能源安全的重要战略路径。当前，对清洁能源、韧性基础设施以及可持续技术不断增长的投资，展现出全球层面的强劲发展势头。COP31 为进一步加速这一进程提供了关键契机，尤其是在清洁能源、电气化以及韧性基础设施等领域。
The decade since the Paris Agreement has been the hottest on record. At a time of intensifying climate and energy challenges, COP31 will be able to provide an important opportunity to strengthen collective action, accelerate implementation and reinforce international cooperation in pursuit of the goals of the Paris Agreement.
自《巴黎协定》达成以来的这十年，已成为有记录以来最炎热的十年。面对不断加剧的气候与能源挑战，COP31 将成为加强集体行动、加快落实，并进一步强化国际合作的重要机会，以推动实现《巴黎协定》的目标。
The Partnership｜合作伙伴关系
With this mind, the COP31 presidency model reflects a unique framework based on consultation, mutual respect and shared responsibility.
基于上述背景，COP31 的主席机制（presidency model）体现了一种建立在协商、相互尊重与共同责任基础上的独特框架。
The agreed Türkiye-Australia Partnership Modalities represents a new way to deliver a UNFCCC COP, anchored in a shared spirit of co-operation, solidarity in a shared challenge, and strong commitment to the multilateral system. We encourage all Parties to engage in this same spirit of goodwill, flexibility and collaboration.
土耳其—澳大利亚双方商定的合作模式（Türkiye-Australia Partnership Modalities），代表了一种举办《联合国气候变化框架公约》（UNFCCC）缔约方大会（COP）的新方式，其核心建立在合作精神、共同应对挑战的团结意识，以及对多边体系的坚定承诺之上。我们鼓励所有缔约方以同样的善意、灵活性与合作精神参与其中。
Australia is honoured to take on the role of President of Negotiations for COP31 in close consultation with Türkiye. We will work closely with the Pacific, all Parties, observers and stakeholders to deliver outcomes that take the world forward.
澳大利亚十分荣幸在与土耳其密切协商的基础上，担任 COP31 谈判主席。我们将与太平洋地区、所有缔约方、观察员以及利益相关方密切合作，共同推动大会取得能够推动全球进步的成果。
COP31 President-Designate HE Minister Murat Kurum
COP31 候任主席：穆拉特·库鲁姆阁下
As emphasized in my first Presidency letter, at a time when the importance of multilateral cooperation has never been greater, Türkiye, as the COP31 Presidency, is committed to strengthening confidence in the ability of the UN climate process to deliver concrete, measurable, and implementation-oriented outcomes.
正如我在第一封主席来信中强调的那样，在多边合作重要性前所未有的当下，作为 COP31 主席国，土耳其致力于增强各方对于联合国气候进程能够取得具体、可衡量且以落实为导向的成果的信心。
Building upon the achievements of previous COPs, including the outcomes of COP30 in Belém, the COP31 process will be guided by the principles of Dialogue, Consensus, and Action, and pursued through an inclusive, balanced, and results-oriented approach. COP31 in Antalya will be shaped as both an “Implementation COP” and a “COP of the Future,” aimed at translating commitments into tangible and trackable progress.
在 COP30 贝伦大会成果等历届 COP 成就的基础上，COP31 进程将以“对话（Dialogue）、共识（Consensus）与行动（Action）”为原则，并通过包容、平衡且以成果为导向的方式加以推进。安塔利亚 COP31 将被打造为一届“落实型 COP（Implementation COP）”与“面向未来的 COP（COP of the Future）”，致力于将承诺转化为切实且可追踪的进展。
In this context and through the six axes of the Global Climate Action Agenda, priority areas will include the electrification/energy transition, zero waste/circular economy, resilient cities/infrastructure, sustainable agriculture/food systems, green industrial transformation, climate finance, and strengthening the resilience of vulnerable regions and ecosystems.
在此背景下，并围绕全球气候行动议程（Global Climate Action Agenda）的六大轴线，重点领域将包括：电气化／能源转型、零废弃／循环经济、韧性城市与基础设施、可持续农业与粮食体系、绿色工业转型、气候融资，以及增强脆弱地区与生态系统的韧性。
The Presidency will also actively encourage the meaningful participation of all stakeholders including governments, academia, civil society, private sector and youth throughout the process.
主席国还将积极推动包括政府、学术界、公民社会、私营部门及青年在内的所有利益相关方，在整个进程中的有意义参与。
Inspired by the spirit of solidarity, balance, and coexistence symbolized by Göbeklitepe, Türkiye is determined to ensure that the road to Antalya is conducted in a transparent, inclusive, and solution-oriented manner.
受哥贝克力石阵（Göbeklitepe）所象征的团结、平衡与共生精神启发，土耳其决心确保通往安塔利亚的进程以透明、包容且以解决方案为导向的方式推进。
The Leaders’ Summit to be held in Antalya will provide an important opportunity to generate political momentum, advance practical initiatives, and reaffirm our shared determination to translate commitments into implementation.
将在安塔利亚举行的领导人峰会（Leaders’ Summit）将成为凝聚政治动力、推动务实倡议，并重申我们将承诺转化为实际行动的共同决心。
Through a strong spirit of international cooperation extending from Türkiye to the Pacific, and through an innovative Presidency model, Türkiye’s COP31 Presidency aims to contribute to shaping a new era of climate diplomacy that supports faster, more effective, and more credible global climate action.
通过从土耳其延伸至太平洋地区的国际合作精神，以及创新型主席机制，土耳其担任 COP31 主席国的目标，是推动形成一个更加快速、高效且更具公信力的全球气候行动新时代。
My approach as President-Designate will be closely aligned with my friend Hon Chris Bowen as President of Negotiations. Together, we will act in continuity with the efforts and leadership of past Presidents, to drive strong implementation and practical outcomes.
作为候任主席，我的工作方式将与我的朋友、谈判主席克里斯·鲍恩（Hon Chris Bowen）保持高度一致。我们将延续历任主席的努力与领导力，共同推动有力落实并取得务实成果。
We recognise the importance both of the outcomes achieved together through COP, and of ensuring we reach them through an inclusive process, with our many diverse views heard.
我们认识到，COP 所共同取得的成果固然重要，而确保这一过程具有包容性、让多元声音得到倾听，同样重要。
President of Negotiations – Hon Chris Bowen MPCOP31 谈判主席：克里斯·鲍恩议员阁下
I am honoured to assume the role of President of Negotiations for COP31. I hold deep respect for the UNFCCC and Paris Agreement, and having seen firsthand the strength of our multilateral climate system and its capability, when we stand together, to drive transformational impact. Australia will deliver our responsibilities as President of Negotiations in an inclusive, transparent and party-driven manner, focused on acceleration and implementation.
我很荣幸担任 COP31 谈判主席。我对《联合国气候变化框架公约》和《巴黎协定》怀有深切敬意，也亲眼见证了我们的多边气候体系所具备的力量和能力：当我们团结一致时，它能够推动变革性影响。澳大利亚将以包容、透明、由缔约方主导的方式履行谈判主席职责，重点推动加速行动和落实。
I will be supported by Assistant Minister for Climate Change and Energy, Hon Josh Wilson MP and Hon Kate Thwaites MP, Special Envoy for Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience in this effort.
在这一过程中，我将得到气候变化与能源助理部长乔什·威尔逊议员阁下，以及气候变化适应与韧性特使凯特·思韦茨议员阁下的支持。
To enable Australia’s role, I am pleased to announce Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water (DCCEEW) Deputy Secretary Kushla Munro will serve as Executive Director for Australia’s President of Negotiations, and will lead Australia’s overall COP31 endeavour. This includes the strategic framework for COP31 negotiations, Australia’s contribution to the Action Agenda, Pre-COP and the leaders’ component, and engagements with Parties and non-Party Stakeholders.
为支持澳大利亚履行相关职责，我很高兴宣布，气候变化、能源、环境与水资源部副秘书长库什拉·芒罗将担任澳大利亚谈判主席执行主任，并统筹澳大利亚 COP31 整体工作。其职责包括 COP31 谈判战略框架、澳大利亚对行动议程的贡献、Pre-COP 和领导人会议相关部分，以及与缔约方和非缔约方利益相关方的沟通。
Dr Sally Box will serve as Deputy President of Negotiations and Chief Negotiator for COP31, working collaboratively with all Parties towards ambitious and successful negotiated outcomes for COP31.
莎莉·博克斯博士将担任 COP31 谈判副主席兼首席谈判代表，与所有缔约方协作，推动 COP31 取得富有雄心且成功的谈判成果。
Mr David Higgins will serve as Deputy Executive Director for Australia’s President of Negotiations and will lead on Pre-COP as well as Australia’s contributions to the Action Agenda in collaboration with Türkiye.
大卫·希金斯先生将担任澳大利亚谈判主席副执行主任，并负责领导 Pre-COP 工作，以及澳大利亚与土耳其合作推进的行动议程相关贡献。
I will be reaching out to you, and equally I encourage you to reach out to me and my team directly with views and perspectives of importance to your nation as we move forward.
未来我将主动与各位联系，同时也鼓励各位直接向我和我的团队分享对贵国而言重要的意见和观点。
Australia is proud to be partnering with Pacific island nations, our Pacific family, working collectively to elevate the priorities of climate-vulnerable island states in our region and across the world, with whom we share an ocean and a future. We look forward to hosting the Pre-COP in the Republic of Fiji, and the special leaders gathering in Tuvalu, to be held on 5th – 8th October 2026.
澳大利亚很自豪能够与太平洋岛国这一“太平洋大家庭”携手合作，共同提升本地区及全球气候脆弱岛国的优先事项。我们共享同一片海洋，也共享共同的未来。我们期待在斐济共和国举办 Pre-COP，并于 2026 年 10 月 5 日至 8 日在图瓦卢举行特别领导人会议。
In the Pacific, leaders will witness the impacts of climate change on Pacific nations and the region’s innovative, locally-led solutions firsthand.
在太平洋地区，各国领导人将亲眼见证气候变化对太平洋国家造成的影响，以及该地区由本地引领的创新解决方案。
To elevate these vital issues, I am also pleased to announce the appointment of our three Pacific Climate Envoys:
为进一步提升这些重要议题的关注度，我也很高兴宣布任命三位太平洋气候特使：
Ms Kristina Eonemto Stege from the Republic of Marshall Islands, Regional Envoy for Oceania, focused on keeping 1.5 within reach.来自马绍尔群岛共和国的 Kristina Eonemto Stege 女士将担任大洋洲区域特使，重点推动确保 1.5°C 目标仍可实现。
Mr Ruel Yamuna, from Papua New Guinea, Envoy for Access to Climate Finance.来自巴布亚新几内亚的 Ruel Yamuna 先生将担任气候融资获取事务特使。
Hon Inia B Seruiratu MP, from Fiji, Envoy for the Ocean.来自斐济的 Inia B Seruiratu 议员阁下将担任海洋事务特使。
We are also delighted to welcome Sally Higgins as the Presidency Youth Climate Champion for COP31. An Australian farmer by background, she will bring a unique blend of hands-on agricultural experience and policy knowledge to the role.
我们也很高兴欢迎 Sally Higgins 担任 COP31 主席国青年气候倡导者。她有澳大利亚农业从业背景，将为这一职位带来一线农业实践经验与政策知识相结合的独特视角。
Our Mandate我们的使命
Australia, in partnership with Türkiye, will engage collaboratively with all Parties and constituencies to advance progress across the negotiating agenda.
澳大利亚将与土耳其携手，同所有缔约方及各利益相关群体开展协作，推动谈判议程各方面取得进展。
The Global Mutirão decision at COP30 reaffirmed the progress achieved under the multilateral climate framework and the strength of international cooperation, while underscoring the urgent need to accelerate implementation to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement and keep the 1.5°C target within reach.
COP30 通过的“全球动员（Global Mutirão）”重申了多边气候框架下取得的进展以及国际合作的力量，同时强调必须加快落实，以实现《巴黎协定》目标，并确保 1.5°C 温控目标仍可实现。
In this regard, COP31 will place implementation at the center of its agenda, encouraging Parties to advance cooperation, investment and concrete action through an inclusive and constructive approach, while fostering early engagement and consensus-building ahead of COP31.
在这方面，COP31 将把落实置于议程核心，鼓励各缔约方以包容和建设性的方式推进合作、投资和具体行动，同时在 COP31 召开前促进早期沟通和共识构建。
In partnership with the COP29 and COP30 Presidencies, efforts under the Belém Mission to 1.5 and the Global Implementation Accelerator will focus on supporting the implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions and National Adaptation Plans, with the aim of enabling ambition, accelerating implementation to keep 1.5 °C within reach, enhancing international cooperation, and supporting investment across mitigation and adaptation.
在与 COP29 和 COP30 主席国合作的基础上，“通往 1.5°C 的贝伦使命”和“全球落实加速器”下的相关工作，将重点支持国家自主贡献和国家适应计划的实施，旨在提升雄心、加快落实以确保 1.5°C 目标仍可实现、加强国际合作，并支持减缓和适应领域的投资。
At the same time, COP31 will seek to strengthen existing UNFCCC and Paris Agreement workstreams across mitigation, adaptation and finance, as well as in cross-cutting areas, including just transition, agriculture and transparency. These workstreams demonstrate how ambition, action, support and implementation can be advanced together in the negotiations.
与此同时，COP31 将致力于加强《联合国气候变化框架公约》和《巴黎协定》下现有的工作轨道，涵盖减缓、适应和资金等领域，以及公正转型、农业和透明度等跨领域议题。这些工作轨道展示了如何在谈判中共同推进雄心、行动、支持与落实。
The reviews of several work programmes under these workstreams are a chance to ensure our systems are responsive to our changing global context and capable of delivering the collaboration and implementation needed to achieve our shared goals.
对这些工作轨道下若干工作计划的审议，将为确保我们的体系能够回应不断变化的全球环境，并具备实现共同目标所需的合作与落实能力提供机会。
In this context, we will work closely with Parties to make effective use of our existing and new mandates, dialogues and initiatives, including the development of the Just Transition Mechanism to promote orderly and inclusive transitions that leave no one behind. We also look forward to advancing the COP30 dialogues on the Global Stocktake, Finance and Trade, while supporting the implementation of mandates related to the ocean, response measures and gender.
在此背景下，我们将与各缔约方密切合作，有效利用现有和新的授权、对话机制与倡议，包括推进公正转型机制建设，以促进有序且包容的转型，确保不让任何人掉队。我们也期待推进 COP30 关于全球盘点、融资与贸易的对话，同时支持落实与海洋、应对措施和性别相关的授权事项。
Due to record temperatures, rising sea levels and increasing loss and damage, strengthening adaptation and resilience remains a global priority. We will therefore work with Parties to advance inclusive and science-based adaptation action and to scale up adaptation finance and investment in line with global commitments.
由于创纪录高温、海平面上升以及损失与损害不断增加，加强适应与韧性仍然是全球优先事项。因此，我们将与各缔约方合作，推进包容且以科学为基础的适应行动，并根据全球承诺扩大适应融资和投资规模。
Building on the significant adaptation outcomes achieved at COP28-30, we will work to ensure that implementation of the Global Goal on Adaptation is guided by a strong technical and scientific support base. We will engage transparently with Parties and stakeholders to deliver greater clarity on the ‘Belem-Addis Vision on adaptation’ and the ‘Baku Adaptation Roadmap’ processes.
在 COP28 至 COP30 取得的重要适应成果基础上，我们将努力确保全球适应目标的落实建立在坚实的技术和科学支持基础之上。我们将以透明方式与各缔约方和利益相关方开展沟通，进一步明确“贝伦－亚的斯适应愿景”和“巴库适应路线图”相关进程。
At the same time, we will promote concrete progress on loss and damage, including through the initial funding processes for the Fund for Responding to Loss and Damage, as well as the continued work of the Santiago Network and the Executive Committee of the Warsaw International Mechanism.
与此同时，我们将推动损失与损害议题取得具体进展，包括通过“损失与损害应对基金”的初始供资进程，以及继续推进圣地亚哥网络和华沙国际机制执行委员会的工作。
We will work with Parties to scale up climate finance from all sources and align global investment flows with climate goals, while recognizing the vital role of public finance. Together, we will seek to ensure that the economic opportunities created by climate action are shared by all.
我们将与各缔约方合作，扩大来自所有来源的气候融资规模，并推动全球投资流向与气候目标保持一致，同时认识到公共资金的重要作用。我们将共同努力，确保气候行动所创造的经济机遇由所有人共享。
We will also work to advance capacity-building and technology development and transfer as critical enablers for a safe and resilient future and a fundamental step in achieving our goals.
我们还将推动能力建设以及技术开发与转让，因为它们是实现安全且有韧性未来的重要支撑，也是实现共同目标的基础性步骤。
It is critical that we respond to the needs of developing countries and ensure that the climate finance architecture, including the multilateral development institutions and the operating entities of the Financial Mechanism, delivers accessible and effective finance.
回应发展中国家的需求至关重要。我们必须确保包括多边开发机构和金融机制运营实体在内的气候融资架构，能够提供可获得且有效的融资支持。
Advancing the implementation of the Paris Agreement, including the new collective quantified goal on climate finance, Article 9 and Article 2.1(c), will be essential to ensuring that the benefits of climate action are felt by all and that no one is left behind.
推进《巴黎协定》的落实，包括气候融资新的集体量化目标、第九条以及第 2.1(c) 条的落实，对于确保气候行动惠及所有人、确保不让任何人掉队至关重要。
We recognize the importance of timely submissions of NDCs, NAPs and Biennial Transparency Reports (BTRs) in advancing the implementation of the Paris Agreement.
我们认识到，及时提交国家自主贡献、国家适应计划以及双年透明度报告，对于推进《巴黎协定》落实具有重要意义。
We encourage all Parties to strengthen their engagement, including through the enhanced transparency framework and through the technical expert reviews, while recognizing the flexibility available to SIDS and LDCs.
我们鼓励所有缔约方加强参与，包括通过强化透明度框架和技术专家审评等方式参与，同时也认可小岛屿发展中国家和最不发达国家所享有的灵活性安排。
We look forward to working with the international community to continue to drive stronger levels of submissions in 2026.
我们期待与国际社会合作，在 2026 年继续推动更高水平的文件提交。
Conclusion结语
In these times of uncertainty, accelerating the climate action and delivering strong negotiated outcomes is more important than ever. Collective action at COP31, reinforced by the broader multilateral system, remains our strongest tool to address the global challenge of climate change.
在充满不确定性的时代，加快气候行动并达成强有力的谈判成果，比以往任何时候都更加重要。在更广泛多边体系支持下，COP31 的集体行动仍然是我们应对全球气候变化挑战的最有力工具。
COP31 is an opportunity, through Dialogue and Consensus, to achieve real Action. It is also a chance to enhance decarbonization, strengthen clean industries and jobs, and build more resilient energy systems by diversifying energy resources, as well as strengthening adaptation and resilience of communities.
COP31 是一个通过对话与共识实现真正行动的机会。它也将为推动脱碳、强化清洁产业和就业、通过能源资源多元化建设更具韧性的能源系统，以及增强社区适应能力和韧性提供契机。
Our innovative partnership can deliver - building upon the warmth, solidarity and partnership between Türkiye and Australia, in continuity with Brazil and Azerbaijan, and partnership with the Pacific.
我们这一创新型伙伴关系能够取得成果。它建立在土耳其与澳大利亚之间的友好、团结和伙伴关系之上，延续巴西和阿塞拜疆的努力，并与太平洋地区携手合作。
A sustainable, prosperous, decarbonized future is possible.一个可持续、繁荣、脱碳的未来是可以实现的。
And we look forward to working with you all to get there.我们期待与各位携手努力，共同迈向这一未来。
H.E Chris Bowen
President of Negotiations for COP31
克里斯·鲍恩阁下
COP31 谈判主席
H.E Murat Kurum
COP31 President-Designate
穆拉特·库鲁姆阁下COP31 候任主席
(清华大学气候变化研究院)
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