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中考英语阅读里也能找到《环球科学》的身影。以下 2 道中考真题涉及两个有趣的科学主题——热带树木与雷击的生存策略，以及朋友之间的大脑同步现象。

我们逐题呈现完整原文、考题和题源溯源，文末也附上相应的参考答案，帮你看懂中考阅读背后的科学故事。

本文目录 · 2 道真题

2025 年成都中考英语阅读理解 B 篇

2020 年成都中考英语阅读表达 A 篇

2025 年成都中考英语阅读理解 B 篇

生命科学

雷击树木 · 植物生理

题源

中文报道

环球科学微信公众号

文章标题

《它们主动被雷劈，把寿命延长到了近300岁》

发布时间

2025 年 5 月 26 日

题目原文

Lightning strikes kill millions of trees each year — but it turns out that some large tropical（热带的）trees can not only stay alive after they're hit by a strike, but also benefit from its effects, according to a recent study.

Some trees are getting repeatedly hit by lightning over their lifetime. But why can they survive? Researchers don't know for sure. However, they think that trees will be heated less if they're more conductive. That means the energy from lightning is just moving to their neighbors, instead of staying in them. The lightning's strong power kills the parasitic vines（寄生藤蔓）on the trees. It also kills some other trees nearby, reducing competition.

Dipteryx oleifera, a tree in Panama's forests, has probably experienced 10 lightning strikes so far. It stays safe and sound, while most of the neighboring trees were killed. If you are in the forest where it is, you'll know what it is — its huge size and height. "We believe the trees in Panama's forests have five strikes on average. But, you know, some of them obviously have a ton," Evan Gora, a forest ecologist said.

How long do these trees live in the forests? People can't do tree ring dating in tropical forests because the trees don't make continuous growth rings. Researchers guess many of the trees would be hundreds, or maybe even more than 1,000 years old.

What can we learn from the study? The hardest things can turn into good things, can they?

71. Why can some large tropical trees survive lightning strikes?

A. They're not often hit by lightning.

B. The neighboring trees protect them.

C. The lightning energy moves away from them.

72. What may happen after the large trees are hit by lightning?

A. They win better living conditions.

B. They have more neighbors around.

C. They can stand more kinds of danger.

73. What does the treeDipteryx oleiferalook like?

A. Old and weak.

B. Huge and tall.

C. Clean and thin.

74. Why can't people tell the exact age of the large trees hit by lightning?

A. The weather there is terrible.

B. People don't have proper tools.

C. Continuous growth rings can't be found.

75. Which part of the newspaper is this text taken from?

A. Health.

B. Nature.

C. Technology.

2020 年成都中考英语阅读表达 A 篇

社会科学

社交神经 · 神经同步

题源

英文原文

Scientific American

文章标题

What Makes Us Vibe?

发表时间

2018 年 2 月 20 日

题目原文

Close friends, think alike?

"What! You, too? I believed I was the only one." Have you ever said something like this to someone? 1

It seems that similarity often helps form friendship. The Greek thinker Aristotle once said, "People regard friendship as a matter of similarity; they say that we love those who are like ourselves." 2 Scientists from University of California said friends have similar behaviors, Scientific American reported.

The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in a test. Each student watched the same set of videos, which included a comedy, a discussion and a soccer match. 3 According to their scans, friends who watched the same video reacted in similar ways. Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos, especially parts that are connected with motivation（动机）, learning and memory. 4

"Seeing one's friends have similar behaviors will reinforce（强化） one's own values, opinions, and interests," lead scientist Carolyn Parkinson told Business Insider. 5 Scientists from the University of Leipzig, Germany, found that friendship is also based on how physically close you are to someone. The scientists did a test with first-year college students the first time they met in class. In this test, students who sat in neighboring seats were more likely to become friends.

从 A~F 选项中，选出 5 个适当的选项补全短文

A. Now, there is some science behind this idea.

B. If so, you may have ended up becoming friends with this person.

C. Friends share a lot of similarities, though there are some differences.

D. But brain similarity is not the only thing that can result in friendship.

E. However, people who weren't friends had different reactions to the same videos.

F. At the same time, scientists scanned their brains and recorded their brain activity.

参考答案

以下答案仅供参考，具体以各省市考试院官方答案为准

01 · 2025 年成都中考英语阅读理解 B 篇

71. C

72. A